PostPods
Armadillidium Nasatum Isopods
£5.00
Armadillidium nasatum Isopods are among the most beloved and reliable species in the hobby, earning their endearing nickname as the "Nosy Roly Poly" from their distinctive facial features. These delightful European natives combine stunning peach and orange coloration with exceptional hardiness, making them perfect for both newcomers and experienced keepers. Their remarkable adaptability and prolific breeding habits have established them as essential components of bioactive vivariums worldwide.
Species Overview
Place of Origin: Western & Central Europe
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Order: Isopoda
Family: Armadillidiidae
Genus: Armadillidium
Species: Armadillidium nasatum
Key Care Requirements
Maintenance Effort: Easy (Perfect for Beginners)
Ideal Temperature Range: 68°F-77°F (20°C-25°C)
Reproduction Rate: Prolific
Ventilation: Low to High (Highly Adaptable)
General Size: 12-15mm
Rarity Level: Common
Humidity Range: 50%-75%
Activity Pattern: Primarily Nocturnal
Preferred Diet: Leaf litter, vegetables, protein supplements
The Beautiful Peach Coloration
Armadillidium nasatum displays one of the most appealing colour ranges in the isopod world, with specimens showcasing beautiful peach, orange, and cream tones that give them their popular "Peach" designation. This warm coloration varies between individuals, creating natural diversity within colonies that ranges from pale peachy-cream to rich, vibrant orange hues.
The variable colouration adds visual interest to any terrarium setup, with some individuals displaying subtle mottled patterns whilst others show more uniform coloration. This natural variation means each colony develops its own unique character, with the potential for discovering particularly striking specimens that could form the basis for selective breeding projects.
Occasionally, colonies may produce individuals showing different colour expressions, including greyish wild-type specimens or particularly intense orange individuals. This genetic diversity reflects the robust nature of the species and provides ongoing interest for dedicated keepers.
The Adorable "Nose" Feature
The species earns its common name from the charming small projection called a scutellum that extends from their face like a tiny nose. This distinctive feature, whilst subtle, gives A. nasatum their endearing appearance and helps distinguish them from their close relative, A. vulgare.
Beyond their facial characteristics, these isopods demonstrate classic Armadillidiidae behaviour - they readily roll into defensive balls when disturbed, though they form slightly imperfect spheres with antennae often remaining visible. This conglobation ability makes them fascinating subjects for observation and a particular favourite with children discovering these remarkable creatures.
Adult specimens typically reach 12-15mm in length, providing substantial size for detailed observation whilst remaining perfectly manageable for terrarium applications. Their robust, rounded build reflects their active lifestyle and contributes to their hardy constitution.
European Heritage and Global Success
Native to the diverse habitats of Western and Central Europe, Armadillidium nasatum has demonstrated remarkable adaptability that has enabled successful establishment across multiple continents. In their homeland, they inhabit environments ranging from grasslands and forest edges to urban gardens and agricultural areas.
This broad ecological tolerance has translated into exceptional success in captive environments, where they've proven remarkably forgiving of varying conditions. Their natural resilience makes them outstanding choices for beginning isopod keepers who may still be learning optimal care techniques.
The species has established naturalized populations in North America and other regions, demonstrating their ability to thrive in diverse climates and conditions. This cosmopolitan distribution reflects the robust nature that makes them such reliable terrarium inhabitants.
Exceptional Hardiness and Adaptability
Armadillidium nasatum isopods are renowned for their remarkable tolerance of environmental variations, making them among the most forgiving species available in the hobby. They successfully adapt to humidity levels ranging from 50% to 75% and can thrive under both low and high ventilation conditions.
Unlike specialized species requiring precise parameters, A. nasatum readily accommodate terrarium setups ranging from humid tropical environments to semi-arid conditions, provided they have access to a moist retreat area. This flexibility makes them excellent choices for mixed bioactive systems where environmental conditions may fluctuate.
Their temperature tolerance is equally impressive, remaining active and healthy across a broad range while appreciating consistency over perfection. This adaptability means they suit most indoor environments without additional heating, making them accessible to keepers with basic setups.
Research has shown that A. nasatum populations actually benefit from crowding and the presence of larger animals, experiencing improved growth rates in high-density environments. This trait makes them particularly effective in bioactive vivariums where they'll interact positively with primary inhabitants.
Outstanding Bioactive Performance
These isopods excel as bioactive cleanup crew members thanks to their voracious appetites and enthusiasm for processing organic waste. Their effectiveness at consuming decomposing plant matter, uneaten food, and even animal waste makes them invaluable for maintaining terrarium cleanliness and preventing harmful bacterial buildup.
Studies have demonstrated that A. nasatum populations thrive in the presence of larger animals, making them excellent vivarium inhabitants for reptile and amphibian enclosures. Their medium size provides substantial waste-processing capacity whilst remaining small enough to avoid becoming problematic for most terrarium animals.
Their adaptability to varying moisture levels makes them suitable for diverse bioactive applications, from tropical rainforest setups to temperate woodland themes. Unlike moisture-dependent species, they can establish successful populations in vivaria with extensive dry areas provided they have access to humid microclimates.
The combination of their efficient waste processing, attractive appearance, and hardy constitution positions them as essential components of professional bioactive installations worldwide.
Simple Feeding and Nutrition
Armadillidium nasatum isopods demonstrate enthusiastic and flexible feeding behaviour that makes nutritional management straightforward for keepers at any experience level. Understanding their dietary preferences reveals why they're so effective at terrarium maintenance.
The foundation of their diet consists of aged leaf litter from deciduous trees such as oak, beech, and maple. They readily consume both the leaves themselves and the complex communities of beneficial microorganisms that develop during decomposition, creating a complete nutritional profile from natural sources.
Supplement their natural diet with fresh vegetables including carrots, courgettes, sweet potatoes, and winter squash. A. nasatum particularly appreciate root vegetables and fruits, though all fresh foods should be offered in moderation and removed promptly to prevent mould development.
Protein supplementation supports their active metabolism and robust reproduction - offer dried fish flakes, freeze-dried shrimp, or specialized isopod foods weekly. Their eagerness for protein-rich foods makes them excellent at processing animal waste in bioactive systems.
Calcium availability remains crucial for healthy exoskeleton development. Provide cuttlefish bone, crushed eggshells, or limestone pieces to ensure adequate mineral supplementation throughout their lifecycle.
Straightforward Housing Requirements
Setting up successful housing for Armadillidium nasatum requires minimal specialized equipment, making them ideal for newcomers to isopod keeping. A basic plastic storage container of 6-12 quart capacity provides ample space for a thriving colony while remaining manageable for maintenance.
Create ventilation by drilling holes in opposite sides of the container, covering openings with fine mesh to maintain airflow whilst preventing escapes. Unlike climbing species, A. nasatum are primarily ground-dwelling, making enclosure security straightforward to achieve.
Layer the substrate beginning with optional drainage material, followed by quality isopod substrate mix, and topped with abundant aged leaf litter. Create a moisture gradient with one section remaining consistently damp whilst other areas stay relatively dry, allowing individuals to self-regulate their hydration needs.
Furnish the habitat with cork bark pieces, small logs, and additional hiding spots to provide security during moulting periods. These isopods appreciate having multiple retreat options and will utilize both horizontal and slightly elevated hiding places.
Effortless Environmental Management
Maintaining optimal conditions for A. nasatum requires minimal intervention, making them perfect for busy keepers or those preferring low-maintenance setups. Monitor moisture levels through visual inspection and the behaviour of the isopods themselves - they'll indicate their needs by clustering in appropriate microclimates.
Use a spray bottle to mist one corner of the enclosure 2-3 times weekly, adjusting frequency based on local humidity and ventilation levels. The remarkable adaptability of this species means they'll tolerate minor fluctuations whilst clearly communicating their preferences through their distribution within the habitat.
Temperature management typically requires no additional heating in most indoor environments. These hardy isopods remain active and healthy at standard room temperatures, though they appreciate stability over dramatic fluctuations.
Regular maintenance involves removing any mouldy food items, adding fresh leaf litter as needed, and occasionally adding new hiding spots or rearranging existing décor to maintain environmental enrichment.
Prolific Breeding Success
Armadillidium nasatum are notably prolific and reliable breeders, often outperforming other common Armadillidium species in reproductive success. Established colonies produce multiple broods annually, with mature females carrying 15-30 eggs per reproductive cycle depending on their size and condition.
The breeding process follows typical isopod patterns - females develop a visible marsupium (brood pouch) where eggs develop for 6-8 weeks before releasing fully-formed miniature isopods. Young inherit the appealing peach coloration from birth, though colours may intensify through successive moults.
Juveniles develop rapidly under favorable conditions, reaching reproductive maturity within 4-6 months. This efficient generation time ensures colonies establish quickly and maintain stable populations even when some individuals are consumed in bioactive systems.
Building successful breeding colonies of A. nasatum provides ongoing rewards through population growth and the potential for sharing surplus animals with fellow enthusiasts or expanding into additional terrarium projects.
Perfect Beginner Species
Armadillidium nasatum represents the ideal intersection of appealing aesthetics and beginner-friendly care requirements. Their forgiving nature allows new keepers to focus on enjoying their animals rather than struggling with demanding environmental parameters or specialized feeding requirements.
The species' rapid reproduction and hardy constitution mean that minor population losses due to learning experiences won't threaten colony survival. Their enthusiasm for diverse foods reduces the risk of nutritional problems, whilst their environmental tolerance accommodates the fluctuations common in new setups.
For those selecting their first isopod species, A. nasatum offers immediate satisfaction through attractive appearance and observable behaviour without the challenges associated with sensitive exotic varieties. They provide excellent introduction to isopod biology whilst delivering practical benefits in terrarium maintenance.
Versatile Terrarium Applications
The exceptional adaptability of Armadillidium nasatum makes them suitable for an impressive range of terrarium styles and applications. Their tolerance for varying moisture levels allows successful integration into setups ranging from tropical rainforest themes to Mediterranean dry woodland designs.
In planted terrariums, they provide essential soil aeration and nutrient cycling through their burrowing activities and waste processing. Their feeding habits help maintain healthy substrate conditions whilst their attractive appearance adds visual interest without overwhelming more delicate terrarium inhabitants.
For educational applications, few species match A. nasatum for demonstrating isopod biology and behaviour. Their readiness to roll into balls, active feeding behaviour, and visible reproductive cycles make them excellent subjects for classroom studies or family learning projects.
Their proven compatibility with diverse terrarium animals and plants positions them as versatile choices for complex bioactive systems where multiple species must coexist successfully.
Long-term Value and Enjoyment
Armadillidium nasatum isopods provide years of satisfaction with minimal ongoing requirements. Their active nature, attractive appearance, and interesting behaviours create numerous opportunities for observation and study, whilst their reliable breeding ensures population stability and surplus for future projects.
The species' adaptability means they can accommodate changing terrarium designs and evolving keeper interests. Whether maintained in simple culture containers or elaborate bioactive displays, they consistently deliver both functional benefits and aesthetic appeal.
Their reasonable cost, combined with exceptional hardiness and beautiful appearance, makes them accessible luxury items for keepers seeking attractive and reliable species without the extreme costs or demanding care requirements of rare exotic varieties.
For serious hobbyists, A. nasatum serve as excellent foundation species for breeding projects, bioactive system development, and educational demonstrations. Their proven genetics and stable characteristics make them valuable components of any comprehensive isopod collection.
Shipping Information
Isopods are posted Monday to Thursday using Royal Mail's next day by 1pm service
Plus 20% overcount sent with every order
24/7 live chat available - We are always here and happy to chat! (subject to sleeping)
Essential Resources for Success
Best Isopods for Beginners (UK Edition)
What Do Woodlice Eat? Top Foods and Feeding Habits Explained
Top Isopod Species for Your Vivarium
How to Choose the Right Isopod Species
Expanding Your Isopod Collection
PostPods
Armadillidium Nasatum Orange Isopods
£40.00
A rare gem in the isopod world is the Nasatum Orange Isopod. Apart from their vibrant appearance, their easy to care for and low maintenance feature, make them a favorite among isopod enthusiasts. Their unique behavior makes them a great addition to a terrarium or vivarium. But to keep them happy and healthy, creating a suitable environment is essential. Plus, a balanced diet and proper care are musts.
A Glimpse
Origin: Europe
Scientific Name: Armadillidium Nasatum
Difficulty: Easy
Rarity: Rare
Temperature: 15 – 28°C
Size: Up to 2.1 cm
Humidity: High
Favorable Foods: Rotting white wood, decaying leaves, mushrooms, calcium, forest moss, and lichen
An Overview
Nasatum orange isopods are native to Europe and famous for their vibrant orange coloration. A fascinating species, Nasatum Orange Isopods exhibit unique behavior that makes them stand out from other isopod species.
Known for their adaptability, a high humid environment is what these crustaceans need. Compared to other isopod species, Nasatum Orange Isopods are easy to care for and maintain, which is why many keepers prefer them. Also, they are a great choice for beginners. This rare species, Nasatum Orangethatods, is not easy to find, mainly in Poland. So, take good care of them when you get them as pets.
Nasatum Orange Isopods: Basic Care
Basic care is essential so your isopods can thrive, grow, and be healthy. Here are some tips you can follow:
Create a stable and humid environment so your isopods live in a similar environment to their natural habitat.
Ranging between 15°C and 28°C temperature is ideal, so try maintaining this.
Humidity levels between 60-80% are essential, so mist the enclosure regularly with a mist spray.
Use a well-sealed terrarium, but create proper ventilation for good airflow within the enclosure.
A medium-sized enclosure is good as it provides ample space and hiding spots for your isopods.
Feeding
Decaying organic material is what Nasatum Orange Isopods thrive on, and you should give them a diet that mimics their natural food sources. The favorable foods you should provide include rotting white wood, decaying leaves, lichen, mushrooms, and forest moss. Give powdered calcium and cuttlebone for calcium sources as they are good for their exoskeleton development.
Nasatum Orange Isopods: Appearance and Behaviour
Visually stunning, Nasatum Orange Isopods feature a unique appearance because of their bright orange bodies. Nasatum orange isopods grow up to 2.1 cm, longer than other isopods. Their segmented exoskeleton allows them to curl into a defensive posture when a threat is near. Thriving in groups, Nasatum Orange Isopods are social creatures and gather in clusters under hiding spots.
Nasatum Orange Isopods: Habitat
Creating a suitable habitat is essential for their well-being. A bioactive terrarium setup is fine because it mirrors their natural environment. Achieving this is possible if you maintain the right humidity and temperature levels. Besides that, creating hiding spots with pieces of cork, bark, and small logs is essential. This gives them a place to hide and rest whenever they like. Also, adding leaf litter to create a naturalistic look is a good idea.
Substrate Mix
A mix of coconut coir, sphagnum moss, rotting wood chips, and leaf litter is the perfect substrate mix for Nasatum Orange Isopods because it provides everything needed. To make things even better, add calcium-rich soil additives, which are good for their exoskeleton development.
PostPods
Armadillidium Nasatum White Isopods
£10.00
Armadillidium nasatum "White" is a selectively bred colour morph of the common nosy isopod, named for the distinctive rectangular protrusion on its head that resembles a small nose. This white morph ranges from off-white to pale cream, sometimes with a slight yellow tinge, and in some individuals appears almost translucent. The "White Out" variant—which may be what's sold here—takes this further with completely white bodies and white eyes (a true albino). Either way, you're getting a striking pale isopod that stands out against dark substrate while retaining all the hardiness and easy care that makes A. nasatum such a reliable species.
A Glimpse
Origin: Western Europe (captive-bred colour morph)
Scientific Name: Armadillidium nasatum
Common Names: Nosy Isopod, Nosy Pill Woodlouse, White Out (albino variant)
Maintenance required: Low
Average Size: 12-20mm (approximately 0.8 inches)
Rarity: Uncommon morph of a common species
Temperature: 15-28°C (59-82°F)
Ventilation: Medium to High
Humidity: 45-80% (with moisture gradient)
Favorite food: Leaf litter, decaying wood, vegetables
Supplements: Calcium (cuttlebone), protein (fish flakes)
Armadillidium nasatum "White": Introduction
Armadillidium nasatum often gets confused with its close relative Armadillidium vulgare, the common pill bug. The key difference is that distinctive "nose"—a small scutellum that protrudes from the front of the head, giving the species both its scientific name (nasatum means "of the nose") and common name. It's subtle, but once you know what to look for, you can spot it.
The white morph doesn't occur naturally in the wild. It's the result of selective breeding over generations, isolating individuals that showed reduced pigmentation until the trait bred true. The "White Out" variant is considered albino—completely white with white eyes—while the standard "White" morph may retain some off-white or cream colouration with normal dark eyes. Both are visually striking against the browns and greens of a typical bioactive setup.
What makes A. nasatum particularly useful is its tolerance for drier conditions compared to many isopod species. While they still need access to moisture, they handle the lower humidity end of the spectrum well, making them suitable for bioactive setups housing animals that prefer it on the dry side. They're also native to Europe and have established populations in the UK, so their temperature tolerance matches our climate well.
Armadillidium nasatum "White": Physical Traits and Characteristics
Adults reach 12-20mm in length (around 0.8 inches)
Slightly elongated build compared to A. vulgare
Distinctive rectangular protrusion ("nose") on the head
White to off-white body colouration, sometimes with yellow tinge
"White Out" variant has completely white body and white eyes (albino)
Some individuals appear slightly translucent
Can roll into a ball, though not as perfectly spherical as A. vulgare
Smooth, calcified exoskeleton
The pale colouration makes them highly visible in enclosures, which is either a benefit (easy to observe) or consideration (more visible to predators in bioactive setups). Individual variation exists within the morph—some appear more cream-coloured, others more pure white.
Behaviour
Armadillidium nasatum is one of the more outgoing Armadillidium species.
Activity patterns: More active and visible than many isopod species. You'll often see them exploring the enclosure at various times of day rather than hiding constantly.
Movement: They migrate between moist and dry areas of their enclosure throughout the day, seeking the conditions that suit them at any given time. This is why a moisture gradient matters.
Defence: Like other Armadillidium, they roll into a ball when threatened—though the ball isn't as perfectly spherical as in A. vulgare.
Social behaviour: Gregarious. They prefer company and higher numbers lead to higher visibility. A well-populated colony will have isopods out and about rather than all hiding.
Defensive secretions: They can secrete defensive compounds when stressed. Always wash hands after handling.
Diet
A. nasatum are straightforward feeders with no special requirements.
Primary foods:
Leaf litter (oak, beech—hardwoods preferred)
Decaying wood
Organic matter in substrate
Supplementary foods:
Vegetables: carrots, courgette, squash, cucumber
Occasional fruit (sparingly—high sugar)
Commercial isopod foods
Protein: Offer protein once or twice weekly:
Fish flakes
Freeze-dried shrimp or minnows
Fish pellets
Dried insects
Calcium: Provide cuttlebone, crushed limestone, or oyster shell. Armadillidium species have calcified exoskeletons and benefit from readily available calcium.
Feeding approach: The bulk of their diet should be leaf litter and decaying wood—keep these available at all times. Supplement with vegetables and protein. Remove uneaten fresh foods before they spoil. Feed protein on the drier side of the enclosure to prevent it attracting pests.
Armadillidium nasatum "White": Breeding
A. nasatum breeds readily with no special requirements.
Breeding basics:
Fast breeders once established
Medium-sized broods
Sub-adults begin breeding before reaching full size
Multiple broods throughout lifetime
Important note on mancae (babies): Newborns require higher humidity than adults and are more sensitive to drying out. Maintain a good moisture gradient in your enclosure—the moist area gives young isopods somewhere to retreat during their vulnerable early stages.
Colour breeding: This is a line-bred morph, so breeding white to white should produce white offspring. Introducing wild-type individuals would likely result in loss of the white colouration over generations.
Armadillidium nasatum "White": Habitat Setup
Simple setup requirements make this species ideal for beginners.
Enclosure: A shoebox-sized container works for a starter culture. Plastic storage bins with gasket seals work well. For larger cultures, 6-quart containers or small glass terrariums are suitable. Moderate ventilation—not too much, not too little.
Substrate: Use a moisture-retaining substrate:
Organic topsoil as base (pesticide-free)
Sphagnum peat moss mixed in
Leaf litter on top
Decaying wood pieces
Depth of 5-8cm allows burrowing. No special requirements—standard isopod substrate works well.
Humidity: 45-80%—they tolerate a wide range. The key is providing a moisture gradient:
Keep one-third to half of the enclosure moist (damp sphagnum moss works well)
Leave the remainder drier
Allow isopods to choose their preferred humidity
Mist the moist side regularly rather than the entire enclosure
Ventilation: Medium to high compared to tropical species. They handle drier conditions better than most isopods, so good airflow is acceptable. If the substrate dries out too quickly, reduce ventilation.
Temperature: 15-28°C (59-82°F). Room temperature in UK homes suits them perfectly—low 20s Celsius is ideal. No supplemental heating needed in most situations.
Décor:
Cork bark pieces (placed over moist areas to retain humidity)
Leaf litter
Decaying wood
Seed pods, bark pieces for hiding
Bioactive Use
A. nasatum makes an excellent bioactive cleanup crew, particularly for drier setups.
Ideal applications:
Temperate vivariums
Semi-arid bioactive setups
Enclosures for animals requiring lower humidity
Any setup where tropical isopods might struggle with lower moisture
Strengths:
Tolerates drier conditions than most isopods
Active and visible
Hardy and forgiving
Breeds readily to maintain population
Handles UK room temperatures well
Considerations:
Medium size means larger predators may eat them (fine if intended as feeders)
White colouration makes them more visible—could attract predator attention
Still needs access to moisture—not suitable for truly arid setups
Good pairings: Works well with species that prefer moderate to low humidity environments. The white colouration provides visual contrast and makes monitoring population easier.
Tank Mates
Compatible with most peaceful invertebrates and appropriate reptiles/amphibians.
Compatible:
Springtails
Small snails
As cleanup crew for:
Leopard geckos (may eat them)
Bearded dragons (may eat them)
Corn snakes
Ball pythons
Other species preferring drier conditions
Note: Their medium size and visible colouration means larger inhabitants will likely prey on them. This is fine if you want isopods as both cleanup crew and supplementary food—their breeding rate should maintain the population. If you want a permanent visible colony, house with animals that won't predate them.
Suitability
Armadillidium nasatum "White" suits a wide range of keepers and applications.
Good choice for:
Beginners wanting an easy first isopod
Keepers wanting visible, active isopods
Bioactive setups for drier-environment animals
Those wanting a white/pale isopod without paying premium prices
UK keepers (tolerates our climate well)
Less suited for:
Very humid tropical setups (other species may do better)
Truly arid environments (still needs moisture access)
Keepers wanting isopods that stay hidden (these are active and visible)
Care level: Very easy. This species forgives mistakes that would kill more sensitive isopods. Temperature and humidity can vary from ideal and they'll tolerate it. One of the most forgiving isopod species available.
Value: Reasonably priced for a colour morph. You get the visual appeal of a white isopod with the bulletproof hardiness of a species that's been thriving across Europe for millennia. Good value as both display animals and functional cleanup crew.
Other morphs available: A. nasatum comes in several colour morphs:
Wild type (grey/brown)
Peach/Georgia Peach (soft orange)
Dalmatian/Pearl (white with black flecks)
White Out (albino—completely white with white eyes)
What to expect: Expect active, visible isopods that get on with things without demanding constant attention. Expect easy breeding once established. Expect them to handle conditions that would stress more demanding species. The white colouration provides genuine visual interest, and their tolerance for drier conditions makes them more versatile than many alternatives. They're the sort of isopod you can set up, maintain properly, and enjoy without constant worry—exactly what a beginner or busy keeper needs.
PostPods
Armadillidium Peraccae Isopods
£10.00
Armadillidium peraccae isopods are broad and bulky and are established quickly in terrariums and vivariums. They are active and social and are great bio-cleanup agents. Due to its unique color and shell and ease of maintenance, it has gained popularity among isopod lovers.
Armadillidium Peraccae Isopods: Key Points
Place of Origin: Greece
Scientific Name: Armadillidium peraccae
Temperature Range: 68℉-77℉
Breeding Rate: Moderate
Difficulty level: Easy
Size: 1.8 cm
Rareness: low
Humidity Range: 45%-55%
Preferred Diet: potatoes, squash, carrots
Supplements in Addition: limestone, cuttlebone, supreme isopod chow
Armadillidium Peraccae Isopods: Introduction
The Armadillidium Peraccae is native to Greece. The species name “peraccae” is named in honor of Italian herpetologist Mario Giacinto Peracca around the 19th and 20th centuries. Armadillidium Peraccae is a unique species that is relatively easy to care for and has an intriguing shell texture and color. This fascinating and common species is a wonderful addition to the isopod collection.
Armadillidium Peraccae Isopods: Characteristics and Physical Traits
The genus name “Armadillidium” means “little armored one.”
These species are blueish slate grey in color.
They are broad, have a unique-looking shell, and have small bumps on their carapace.
These species are roly polies, i.e., they roll into a ball when threatened.
This species has a primordial appearance and is reminiscent of trilobites.
These medium-sized isopods are active and social.
Peraccae isopods thrive in both arid and temperate environments.
These critters are highly active during the night and early morning.
These are not widely distributed outside of their native land, although they are common among isopod enthusiasts.
Due to its ease of maintenance and tolerance to various climates, they are common among hobbyists.
Larger amphibians and reptiles consume the adult isopods, except poison dart frogs.
They are highly prolific species, and they produce before reaching adulthood.
These species are hardy and grow reasonably quickly.
Armadillidium Peracce Isopods: Diet
These species are primarily detritivores in nature. In the wild, these creatures have a large appetite and consume dried leaves, rotting wood, and feces. For a balanced diet, these species are fed with a wide range of food. These include potatoes, fruits, vegetable scraps along with isopod food mix to meet all the nutritional requirements. Make sure to feed them twice a week to avoid overfeeding.
The Armadillidium Peracce isopods require lots of calcium and protein for their diet. This is to maintain their tough exoskeleton and for molting. Therefore, these species require protein three times a week, along with calcium supplements like calcium powder and cuttlebone. This helps to keep the isopods healthy and produce offspring.
Armadillidium Peracce Isopods: Breeding
They are one of the most proficient species among other isopod species.
They produce offspring throughout the year.
The young isopods are hearty, and they grow pretty quickly.
They reproduce before reaching adulthood and, therefore, may produce large broods.
When culturing these species, make sure to provide the necessary moisture, around 50%, to make the environment ideal for breeding.
When the population exceeds, make sure to prepare another enclosure and separate new broods from old ones.
Armadillidium Peracce Isopods: Care
These critters are easy to maintain and are less demanding when compared to other species. They require a basic organic compost as a substrate mix with leaf litter scattered on top of the substrate mix. Provide suitable hides such as bark slabs and moisture.
These species require medium to high ventilation. Temperature for the enclosure may not affect the isopods as they are tolerant in nature. It is crucial to avoid extreme temperatures as it may stress these critters.
When providing moisture, it is important to maintain a moisture gradient. The inconsistent atmosphere may affect the species during molting. Therefore, it is important to maintain a damp and dry environment by 30/70. To maintain the moisture, mist the area with sphagnum moss and leave the rest dry.
Armadillidium Peraccae Isopods: Artificial Setup
For a successful setup, use plastic shoe box tubs of 6 qt to 32 qt. Locking tubs is optional, but it may provide added security.
Glass containers with ventilations provided can also be a better alternative, as they help people see better. It is best for those who like to watch these critters crawl around in the enclosure.
Make small holes on the side of the container for cross-ventilation and to prevent mold.
Add pre-soaked substrate mix into the container. Make sure to provide a thick bedding of 1-3 inches.
Distribute dried leaves inside the enclosure. Make sure to clean the leaves with water and dry them before adding them to the enclosure.
Add ⅕ th of the container with sphagnum moss and mist the area with moss. This gives isopods the room they need to osmoregulate and maintain homeostasis.
Add plenty of rotten white wood as they prefer hiding underneath bark.
Provide a calcium supplement into the enclosure. Adding a cuttlebone piece can help if the substrate doesn’t have any other calcium supplement.
Add egg shells or crushed calcium carbonate as a substitute for the cuttlebone.
Armadillidium Peraccae Isopods: Substrate
These species prefer a less humid habitat; therefore, one must make sure to maintain the moisture accordingly. When providing substrate mix for the peraccae isopods, it is important to provide the best, especially for molting. Providing organic compost soil can act as a base for the substrate. Apart from the soil, you can opt for ABG substrate mix or other premium isopod mix for the substrate. These pre-mixed substrates include all the elements that will help an isopod breed and live. They consist of:
Organic potting soil
Flake soil
Sphagnum moss
Dried and decayed leaves
Oyster sea shell as a supplement
Pour the substrate into an enclosure and make sure the depth is right. It is crucial that you never let the substrate get too dry. When the substrate starts to seem more like frass than the substrate, replace it entirely and add more when needed. Take care not to disturb the isopod in molting. In order to prevent attracting harmful pests, any uneaten food items added within 24 hours must always be removed.
PostPods
Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods
£20.00
£30.00
Armadillidium ruffoi isopod is an extraordinarily striking species of isopods found in the mountains of Northern Italy. The distribution armadillidium ruffoi is highly restricted, as it is endemic to Northern Italy and has been primarily recorded in the Province of Verona. All the known specimens have been collected from this limited area, highlighting the species' rarity and restricted range.
These species breed very slowly and take time to populate. Therefore, they are ideal for hobbyists and isopod enthusiasts who prefer brood-size animals that don’t overpopulate. Armadillidium ruffoi isopods like moisture and humidity and are not tolerant to drought. These species require regular monitoring and care. Therefore, they are moderately difficult to care for.
Armadillidium ruffoi is considered the southernmost variety within its group. The following sections will provide a detailed description armadillidium ruffoi, covering its physical and ecological characteristics.
Overview
Place of Origin: Northern Italy
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustaceans
Order: Isopoda
Family: Armadillidiidae
Genus: Armadillidium
Species: Armadillidium ruffoi
The taxonomy Armadillidium ruffoi belongs to places it within the 'Marginiferae' section of its genus, a group characterized by distinctive morphological features such as the shape of the telson and margin of the pereion, and it is closely related to similar species like A. germanicum, with which it may be conspecific.
Key Points
Maintenance Effort: low to medium
Ideal Temperature Range: 62℉-78℉
Reproduction Rate: Slow
Ventilation: high
General Size: Armadillidium ruffoi is a medium sized species, reaching maximum dimensions of approximately 16 × 6.5 mm. This represents the species' maximum dimensions.
Rareness: High
Humidity Range: 60%-75%
Preferred Diet: fruits, vegetables, meat scraps
Supplements in Addition: limestone, cuttlefish bone
Abstract
Armadillidium ruffoi, or Ruffo’s Pill Woodlouse, falls under the “Marginiferae” section of the genus. Armadillidium ruffoi is closely related to other species within this section. The Armadillidium genus are the true pill bugs, that roll into a ball when they sense danger or any disturbance. These species have side edges that bend upwards, forming a lobe.
Their dark exoskeleton with bright yellow spots and white skirts makes them appear strikingly beautiful and widely sought after. The body consists of well-defined tergites, distinctive coloration patterns, and prominent lateral lobes. A distinct longitudinal groove is present behind the frontal shield, serving as a key identification feature. These species are endemic to Italy and hence they are super rare. These isopods are collected among enthusiasts that love to collect various rare species across the world.
Physical Traits of Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods
Shiny Gator Isopods have a dark carapace with yellow irregular spots and white skirts.
These spots are formed in three longitudinal rows.
Its tergites are smooth with slight granulation or humps on the exterior part.
They are medium to large-sized isopods with beautiful shapes.
The skirts of the isopods are bent upwards and have various morphs ranging from white to yellowish orange.
They are roly polys, i.e., they roll into a ball when they are threatened.
These species are not drought tolerant; therefore, moisture is important for them.
They are detritivores in nature.
They are shy creatures, but they become active when in large numbers.
These species require ample ventilation and high humidity for their survival.
They reproduce slower than other species and have large broods.
These species grow very slowly to reach adulthood.
Have an average lifespan of 2.5 years.
The head features a prominent frontal shield with a slightly convex upper margin that surpasses the anterior edge of the head, and its lateral angles are nearly right angles. The side edges of the forehead bend upwards into distinct lobes and triangular lobes with rounded upper margins, forming a frontal brim where the lobes lie against the frontal shield. The secondary antennae are characterized by triangular lobes and rounded upper margins. The tergites display a faded gray background with irregular whitish spots; these spots form three longitudinal rows, with the median one being more prominent, and a spot occurs in the middle of the posterior margin of the head. The posterior parts of the tergites may have a few small granulations or small granulations. The epimera are noted for their whitish corners and are irregularly brightened, especially along the hind margins. The telson is shaped with straight sides and a broadly truncated tip, with a distinctive apical or apical part. In males, the seventh pereiopod has a ventrally straight ischium and a hair field, which are important sexual characters. The first pair of pleopods features a posterior lobe with an acute exopodite. Stock of Armadillidium ruffoi is available for breeding or sale.
Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods: Diet
Though these species consume on dead and decaying organic debris, maintaining a balanced diet is crucial for an isopod's health. Especially if these species are kept in a closed setting. It is important to provide nutritious food like vegetable pieces, greens and vegetable scraps in small quantities to maintain their health.
These isopods require high calcium and protein for a healthy exoskeleton. Therefore, meat scraps and dried shrimp pieces help them provide the necessary protein and calcium powder; cuttlebone, eggshells, and limestone help to provide calcium.
It is crucial to provide small quantities of food in the beginning. After analyzing their food intake, one can gradually increase the quantity. Although these species have a voracious appetite, it is important to feed them a necessary amount to prevent any excess and avoid attracting molds and pests.
Morphs of Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods
There is a morph of Armadillidium Ruffoi called "Orange Skirt" isopods.
These species are rare and are newly discovered near Verona, Italy.
These critters have dark exoskeletons with white spots on their exoskeleton, unlike the regular yellow spots in wild species.
The skirt is yellowish-orange and is thus named the "orange skirt."
Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods: Natural Habitat
In Northern Italy, during the summer season, the temperature is typically between 65℉ and 85℉. Almost nothing is known about the detailed ecology and behavior of Armadillidium ruffoi in the wild. The specimens collected for study have primarily been found in and around caves in Northern Italy. Due to this temperature, it is ideal for the isopods to thrive in the wild. They are typically found in and around caves where moisture and humidity is available. These species tend to hide but are active under leaves and bark of rotting hardwood.
Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods: How to Build an Enclosure
To make an enclosure, it is important to start off with a basic 14.1-liter plastic box as an enclosure. Provide three ventilation windows around the enclosure, leaving one side, and cover the openings with wire mesh.
Adding egg crates creates barriers between old and new isopod colonies while providing them with a surface to climb and explore.
When adding food into the enclosure, as necessary quantity depending on the size of the culture. Add vegetables and fruits, an isopod bug burger for overall nutrition, calcium powder, eggshells, and cuttlebone for calcium.
Place large pieces of decaying hardwood flat on the substrate in the enclosure for the isopod colonies to hide. Add lots of dried rotting leaves to the enclosure, as the leaves are the primary source of food and act as a hiding space. The leaves and bark also help elevate the enclosure's aesthetics and mimic the isopod colonies' natural surroundings.
Clean the enclosure to prevent pests. Molds, gnats, and fruit flies affect the health of isopods. Mist the enclosure occasionally with water to keep it moist. Make sure to prevent water from accumulating in the base. Monitor the temperature and humidity of the enclosure for a healthy living isopod brood.
Combining all the elements, you can provide a suitable home for the isopods to breed and thrive.
Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods: Substrate Mix for the Isopod
For the substrate mix for Armadillidium Ruffoi, one can opt for a basic ABG substrate mix. These mixes are pre-made and have all the necessary elements to support the biodiversity inside the enclosure.
The ABG mix includes fur bark, black earth soil, hummus, and organic compost soil. Worm castings can be included in the mix as they provide a nutritious food source for the isopods. Crunched-up leaf litter and charcoal can be included in the mix. Charcoal is porous in nature, and it can help with water retention and aeration, which is necessary for the isopods. Sea soil can also be included in the mixture as it may contain decomposed fish emulsion, providing nutrition to the isopods.
After adding the substrate mix into the enclosure, add elements like wooden bark, sphagnum moss, and dried leaves for a touch of aesthetics and to mimic their natural environment.
When combining them, you get a complete substrate mix that retains moisture, replicates their natural habitat and provides a healthy ecosystem within the biosphere.
Care and Maintenance Tips for Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods
Caring for Armadillidium ruffoi isopods requires attention to detail and a commitment to replicating their natural environment. As terrestrial isopods, they thrive in enclosures that maintain a consistent humidity level and a stable temperature between 18-22°C. Using a substrate mix designed for armadillidium species—such as a blend of peat moss, soil, and sand—helps create a supportive base for their daily activities.
A key aspect of their care is providing a moisture gradient within the enclosure. By keeping one side of the habitat drier and the other more humid, you allow the isopods to self-regulate their body moisture, which is essential for their health. Including a shallow water dish with a rough surface ensures they have access to water without the risk of drowning.
Feeding should be approached with variety and moderation. Offer small quantities of decaying plant matter, vegetable scraps, and commercial isopod food to keep your Armadillidium ruffoi healthy and active. Regularly remove uneaten food to prevent mold and bacteria, which can be harmful to isopods.
Routine cleaning of the enclosure is vital to maintain a healthy environment. Remove waste and replace substrate as needed to avoid the buildup of harmful microorganisms. When it comes to handling, remember that Armadillidium ruffoi are sensitive to stress and can be easily injured, so limit direct contact and observe them in their enclosure as much as possible. With the right mix of care and attention, these isopods will thrive and display their fascinating natural behaviors.
Purchase and Availability of Armadillidium Ruffoi Isopods
Armadillidium ruffoi isopods are a prized addition to any collection of terrestrial isopods, but their rarity means they are not always easy to find. When looking to purchase this unique species, it’s best to seek out reputable breeders or specialty pet stores with experience in armadillidium care. Researching the seller’s background and reviews can help ensure you receive healthy, well-cared-for isopods.
The price of Armadillidium ruffoi isopods can vary significantly based on the quantity you wish to purchase, the size and quality of the specimens, and the current availability in the hobby. As a rare and exotic species, they often command a higher price than more common armadillidium species, reflecting their unique characteristics and the challenges involved in breeding them.
When buying, always confirm that the isopods are active, healthy, and come with clear care instructions. Many reputable sellers offer a health guarantee and ongoing support, which is especially valuable for those new to keeping this species. For dedicated enthusiasts, the opportunity to work with Armadillidium ruffoi isopods is both rewarding and educational, offering a chance to observe one of the most distinct and sought-after members of the armadillidium genus. Whether you’re expanding your collection or starting out, acquiring these isopods in the right quantity and from a trusted source is key to a successful and enjoyable experience.
PostPods
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods
£20.00
One of the most popular European isopods, the Armadillidium Serratum Isopods, originates from the Spanish region. These small-sized species are spiky isopods that resemble the crystal pineapple isopods in appearance. They make a great fit for starting a breeding colony. They are twice the size of the crystal pineapple isopods, though. They require a less moist environment in comparison to other isopods. They can be captive-bred in an isopods collection. The remarkable Armadillidium Serratum Isopods can be bred as pets.
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods: A Glimpse
Origin: Spain, Europe
Scientific Name: Armadillidium Serratum
Difficulty Level: Low
Size: Less Than 10mm
Rarity: Medium
Temperature: 70°F to 82℉
Humidity: 60 to 80%
Favorite Foods: Decaying wood, leaf litter
An Overview
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods are low maintenance isopods when compared to others. These European isopods have been categorized by their chocolaty and high white appearance. They have seven pairs of legs as well as seven main body components. They are kid-friendly pets.
As Armadillidium Serratum Isopods come from the Spanish region of Europe, they will thrive in a mediumly humid environment.
The notable thing about them is when they get disturbed they can roll themselves up in a ball as a defence mechanism. They can be a perfect addition to a vivarium or terrarium setup.
This small isopod has a rigid structure that’s bumpy and spiky. It will remind you of the crystal pineapple isopods. They are wonderful and valuable detrivore species.
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods are easy to maintain. They do not need any special care. They are generally found in sandy areas and coastal habitats.
Basic Care
You can use the following instructions and tips to provide the best care to Armadillidium Serratum Isopods.
Use leaf litter and decaying wood as substrate materials for the Armadillidium Serratum Isopods.
You can use a terrarium or vivarium for housing Armadillidium Serratum Isopods.
Keep the temperature of the container within 70°F to 82℉.
Avoid keeping the enclosure in direct sunlight.
Humidity should be not more than 60 to 80 per cent (medium).
Feeding Armadillidium Serratum Isopods
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods feed on forest materials like decaying wood. You can also feed limestone, cuttlefish bone, and fish food to Armadillidium Serratum Isopods. Use supplements such as calcium. Armadillidium Serratum Isopods' main source of diet should be leaf litter. You can always feed them dead plant material.
Appearance And Behaviour
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods do not have any unique needs. It can grow up to 10mm in length.
These isopods have resemblance close to the crystal pineapple isopods. Their cream-colored bodies with a chocolaty brown touch is what makes their appearance unique.
These isopods can curl themselves up into a ball as a defence mechanism.
These isopods can thrive in dry conditions but will need plenty of airflow
They can be threatened with strong vibrations.
They love to hide in dark and dry places.
Habitat
Armadillidium Serratum Isopods prefer drier environments. You can use a quality terrarium to store the Armadillidium Serratum Isopods. The natural habitat of Armadillidium Serratum Isopods is composed of leaf litter and decaying wood. These isopods tend to enjoy living under rocks. They prefer environments that are the perfect choice for their ability to survive in very dry environments.
Substrate Mix
The substrate for Armadillidium Serratum Isopods should be a combination of forest materials and calcium sources. Don’t make it excessively dry. This might not favor the isopods. Their enclosure should be majorly dry. As detrivores they need forest materials in order to thrive. While arranging the substrate make sure to offer a balanced diet.
PostPods
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods
£10.00
Like most other Armadillo Officinalis species, the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods prefer a moist environment to thrive. They are commonly gifted isopods to isopod collection enthusiasts because of their interesting and companionable nature. These strikingly beautiful brown-coloured isopods originate from Eastern Spain. These brown pill bugs are exotic and most fascinating Armadillo species, amongst others. Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods make valuable and beloved pets. This hissing isopod can make a likeable addition to your terrarium setup. The elegant and good-natured isopods can be a little challenging to raise for beginners, but not impossible.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods: A Glimpse
Origin: Spain, Mediterranean Basin, Greece
Scientific Name: Armadillo Officinalis Duméril
Difficulty: Medium
Rarity: Low
Temperature: 65 to 75℉
Size: 2 cm
Humidity: 60 to 75%
Favourable Foods: Crushed eggshells, cuttlefish
An Overview
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are Spanish natives that can be delightful to raise. These brown-coloured Armadillo isopods with orange spots are calm species that are large in size. These affable isopods need a medium level of maintenance and care.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods grow large really fast. They are rolly polly isopods that turn themselves into a ball when threatened. These Armadillo isopods rub their legs on their exoskeleton and end up producing a hissing sound. This is why the Armadillo Officinalis Brown are called the hissing isopods.
The Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are also Mediterranean Basin natives. They will thrive in enclosures that have one-third wet part and the rest normal. The best thing about the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods is that they are friendly-natured.
The Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are even Greek isopods. These humming isopods can make a splendid addition to your isopod collection. They will thrive in a moist terrarium setup. These isopods grow well in a humid environment.
These Spanish isopods are not at all rare species. They are highly socialising isopods that need a spacious environment to move around. Isopod collectors can shop for a terrarium with 5 litre capacity to store the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods. These exemplary isopods will not reproduce in a terrarium setup that is not spacious.
Isopod collectors can add white rotten wood and lime to their substrate mix. Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods’ substrate mix can also include a soil and leaf litter mixture.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods is a brown-coloured morph that will thrive in a substrate mix, which includes pieces of bark and mosses. All the new collectors can take extra care of waterlogging within the terrarium. They can feed them cuttlefish and crushed eggshells to help Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods grow their shells faster.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods: Basic Care
You can use the following instructions and tips to provide the best care to the Armadillo
Officinalis Brown isopods.
Use a bioactive setup of 5 litre capacity to house the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods.
Keep the temperature within 65 to 75℉.
Avoid keeping the enclosure in direct light.
Maintain 60 to 75% humidity levels because the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods thrive in medium to high humidity environments.
Regularly spray the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods terrarium setup to maintain adequate humidity levels.
These fairly large isopods are easy-to-breed pets.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods will only reproduce in spacious terrarium setups.
Keep the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods moist always.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods: Feeding
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods is a charming isopod that benefits from eating crushed eggshells, limestone, and cuttlefish. These isopods are fond of eating white rotten wood.
Feed the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods leftover animal products, especially bones. They can be fed foliage in their substrate mix. The brown isopods also consume flowers and fruits.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods even feed on dead wood and leaf litter. Give the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods feeding foliage and white rotting wood to help them thrive.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are nocturnal species that readily consume fish food and greens. You will also see them eating the moulting of invertebrates inside the terrarium setup.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods: Appearance And Behavior
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are medium-sized isopods. These brown isopods can grow as large as 2 cm.
The Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods have orange spots on a brown body. Their brownish colour makes them a more attractive option over the Armadillo Red Brick isopods.
These isopods curl themselves up in a ball and make a hissing sound.
These Armadillo isopods will only reproduce in a spacious terrarium setup.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are active and social species. They can be seen thriving in groups within a terrarium setup.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods count amongst the longest-living isopods and can live up to 9 years.
These crepuscular isopods love hiding themselves during the daytime.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods: Habitat
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are medium sized isopods that thrive in mediumly humid environments. These isopods take 9 months to turn from a juvenile into an adult.
The Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are convenient to breed. They can have up to 300 young woodlice litters per year. They can survive only in tanks where humidity is maintained religiously.
The Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods are readily found on the western Black Sea coast. Enthusiasts can even look for the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods across the Mediterranean Sea. Many people love giving the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods to their loved ones.
Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods: Substrate Mix
The substrate mix of the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods can consist of sphagnum moss and leaf litter. The presence of sphagnum moss, as well as leaf litter within a substrate mix, can help retain the moist environment within a terrarium setup.
You can even add white rotten wood and pieces of bark at the base of the terrarium setup. You can also add lime inside the substrate mix to help the Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods produce their shells faster.
The substrate mix of Armadillo Officinalis Brown Isopods can include feeding foliage. This ingredient is essential and includes things such as fallen leaves and decaying organic matter.
PostPods
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods
£7.00
The famous "hissing isopod" in a striking brick-red colour morph. One of the few isopod species capable of producing audible sounds.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: A Glimpse
Origin: Mediterranean Basin (Spain, Southern Europe, Western Black Sea coasts)
Scientific Name: Armadillo officinalis
Difficulty Level: Easy
Size: Up to 2cm
Rarity: Low
Temperature: 18°C to 26°C
Humidity: 55% to 70% (low to medium, with gradient)
Favorite Foods: Leaf litter, decaying wood, soft-bodied plants, vegetables
Supplements: Cuttlebone, limestone, crushed eggshells
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: An Overview
Armadillo officinalis is a Mediterranean species found across Southern Europe, from Spain to the western Black Sea coasts. They're one of the most distinctive isopods in the hobby, famous for their ability to produce audible sounds—a behaviour that's earned them the common name "hissing isopods."
The Red Brick morph is a colour variant that displays a warm, terracotta-red colouration. Juveniles are born a lighter yellowish-orange shade, with the colour deepening to the characteristic brick-red as they mature into adults. This colour development is one of the rewarding aspects of raising a colony from mixed ages.
It's worth noting that Armadillo is a separate genus from Armadillidium, despite the similar names and the fact that both can roll into balls. The Armadillo genus has some distinctive characteristics, including their famous stridulation ability and a somewhat different body shape with a more elongated face.
These are genuinely easy isopods to keep. They're hardy, adaptable to various conditions, and breed readily in captivity. The combination of interesting behaviour and striking colour makes the Red Brick morph a popular choice for both beginners and experienced keepers.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Appearance
The Red Brick morph displays a rich terracotta to brick-red colouration across the body. This colour intensifies as the isopods mature—juveniles start with a pale yellowish or orange tone that gradually deepens through successive moults.
Adults reach approximately 2cm in length, making them a good-sized species that's easy to observe. They have a distinctive body shape compared to many other conglobating species, with a somewhat elongated face that gives them a characterful appearance.
Like other members of the Armadillo genus, they can roll into remarkably tight, near-perfect spheres when threatened (conglobation). In fact, A. officinalis is notable for remaining tightly curled for longer than most other rolling species—they seem more cautious and take their time before uncurling, even after the perceived danger has passed.
The shell has a sturdy, slightly glossy appearance. When a colony is well-established, watching a group of bright red adults alongside paler juveniles creates an attractive display.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: The Hissing Behaviour
The most famous characteristic of A. officinalis is their ability to produce audible sounds. This stridulation—often described as hissing or rattling—is produced when the isopod curls into a ball and rubs its legs (pereopods) against the inner surface of its shell in rapid circular motions.
Scientific research has shown this stridulation produces sounds peaking around 9 kHz and appears to function as a secondary defence mechanism. The isopods themselves also respond to these vibrations, moving away from the sound source—suggesting it may serve as an alarm signal within colonies.
You're unlikely to hear this sound from small colonies or individual isopods. The effect becomes more noticeable as colony numbers increase. When a larger group is startled, the collective sound of multiple isopods stridulating simultaneously becomes audible to human ears as a subtle rattling or hissing.
This behaviour makes A. officinalis genuinely unique among commonly kept isopod species. No other readily available isopod produces sounds in quite the same way.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Basic Care
A. officinalis are adaptable isopods that tolerate a range of conditions, though they do have preferences that will help your colony thrive.
Temperature: Room temperature suits them well. They're comfortable anywhere from 18°C to 26°C and don't require supplemental heating in typical UK homes.
Humidity: This is where care is needed. They prefer low to medium humidity (around 55-70%) and can struggle in constantly wet conditions. High humidity can cause moulting problems. However, they still need access to moisture—dry conditions can be fatal. The key is balance: a humidity gradient with one damp area and plenty of drier space works best.
Ventilation: Moderate ventilation is important. Good airflow helps prevent the excessively moist conditions that cause problems, but avoid extremes.
Lighting: Low light preferred. Keep the enclosure away from direct sunlight and provide plenty of dark hiding spots.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Feeding
A. officinalis have somewhat broader tastes than some isopod species and are known to consume soft-bodied plants alongside the usual detritivore diet.
Primary Food Sources:
Mixed hardwood leaf litter (oak, beech, hazel)
Decaying hardwood pieces
White rotting wood
Supplemental Foods:
Vegetables (carrot, courgette, sweet potato, cucumber)
Oat flakes (they seem particularly fond of these)
Soft-bodied plants
Fish flakes for protein
Occasional fruit
Calcium Sources: Essential for healthy shell development and moulting. Provide:
Cuttlebone pieces
Limestone chips
Crushed eggshells
Calcium powder
The calcium requirement is particularly important given that moulting issues can occur in suboptimal conditions. A consistent calcium supply helps ensure successful moults.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Substrate Mix
A substrate that balances moisture retention with good drainage suits this species well. Avoid waterlogging, which can cause problems.
A suitable mix might include:
Organic topsoil or compost as a base (pesticide-free)
Decaying hardwood pieces and white rotting wood
Leaf litter as a top layer
Sphagnum moss in the moist area only
Cork bark pieces
Limestone chips mixed through for calcium
Some keepers include lime in the substrate, which can help buffer acidity and provide calcium. Substrate depth of around 5-7cm allows for burrowing and shelter.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Enclosure Setup
A straightforward setup works well, with attention paid to creating appropriate humidity gradients.
Container Size: A 5-6 litre container suits a starter colony. These are reasonably active isopods that appreciate space as the colony grows.
Humidity Gradient: Create a distinct moisture gradient. Keep approximately 20-30% of the enclosure damp (with moist sphagnum moss) while the remaining area stays drier. This allows the isopods to regulate their moisture exposure.
Hides: Cork bark pieces provide essential hiding spots. These isopods spend considerable time curled up and sheltering, so provide plenty of cover.
Ventilation: Moderate ventilation holes or mesh panels. Good airflow is important but avoid excessive drying.
Leaf Litter: A generous layer of mixed hardwood leaves provides food and additional shelter.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Breeding
A. officinalis are known for prolific breeding once established. They reproduce readily in appropriate conditions.
What to Expect:
Regular reproduction once the colony settles
Good brood sizes
Steady colony growth
Colour development in juveniles—watching them transition from pale yellow-orange to brick red
Colonies typically establish at a moderate pace. They're not the fastest colonisers, but they're reliable breeders that will build up numbers consistently over time.
Avoid excessively humid conditions during breeding, as this can interfere with successful moulting of both adults and juveniles.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Behaviour
A. officinalis display some distinctive behavioural traits that set them apart from other isopod species.
Typical Behaviours:
Strong conglobation response—rolling into tight balls when disturbed
Remaining curled for extended periods after perceived threats
Stridulation (sound production) when rolled up
Relatively shy nature with preference for hiding
Hurried movement when seeking cover
Often observed eating while lying on their backs (particularly oat flakes)
Unlike many conglobating species that uncurl relatively quickly, A. officinalis are notably cautious and may stay rolled up for much longer. This defensive behaviour, combined with the stridulation, makes them fascinating to observe.
They tend to be more secretive than some Porcellio species, spending considerable time hidden under bark and within the substrate.
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick Isopods: Bioactive Use
A. officinalis can work well in bioactive setups, with some considerations.
Good for:
Temperate and Mediterranean-style enclosures
Semi-arid to moderately humid setups
Enclosures where low to medium humidity is maintained
Reptile setups with appropriate conditions
Considerations:
Not ideal for very wet tropical setups—humidity issues can cause problems
Their harder exoskeleton makes them less suitable as feeder isopods for smaller animals
Larger amphibians and reptiles can consume adults; smaller predators may only manage juveniles
They'll function as effective cleanup crew members, processing organic waste and leaf litter. Their attractive colouration also adds visual interest to display enclosures.
Who Are These Isopods For?
Armadillo Officinalis Red Brick isopods suit:
Beginners wanting an easy, interesting first species
Anyone fascinated by the hissing behaviour
Keepers who appreciate watching colour development
Those wanting a hardy conglobating species
Bioactive enthusiasts with appropriate enclosure conditions
They might not suit:
Very humid tropical setups—they can struggle with excessive moisture
Those seeking feeder isopods—the harder shell makes them less ideal
Keepers wanting highly visible, constantly active species—they're quite shy
The combination of easy care, interesting behaviour, and attractive colouration makes the Red Brick morph an excellent choice for most keepers.
What's Included
Each order contains healthy specimens selected from our breeding stock. We include a mix of sizes to give your colony the best start, including juveniles that will develop their adult colouration over time. A care sheet is provided with every order.
PostPods
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods
£22.50
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods is considered to be one of the most popular isopods from the armadillo branch of isopods. Their optimal conditions are dry regions. They are identified as originating from Greece. They are mainly considered an attractive group of species with intense patterns across their bodies. This makes them the perfect choice for terrariums, making them a fully attractive species.
Key Points
Origin: Greece
Scientific Name: Armadillo Tuberculatus
Difficulty Level: Easy
Size: 1.5 CM.
Rarity: Medium
Temperature: 22-28˚C
Humidity Level: 40-60%
Preferred Foods: Leaf litter, carrot, white rotten wood, moss, cuttlebone
An Overview
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods are famous for their attractive design across their body. They are understood to thrive in moist environments and conditions. They have a bluish outer covering that makes them one of the most attractive species of isopods among collectors. Their exoskeletons are identified as hard. Tuberculatus isopods cannot reproduce quickly when introduced into a terrarium. They are believed to occupy two-thirds of the whole space, making them an 'invasive' species.
The bluish colour of young Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods may not be that evident. They are also believed to have thorny spikes in their exoskeleton. When these isopods achieve full growth, these spikes turn into bumps on their exoskeleton. Their colouring also improves as they become fully grown adults. Their exoskeletons, like those of other isopods, are believed to be strong and offer protection from external dangers.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods are free to consume a variety of food items. Leaf litter is considered their favorite food source. They can also consume moss, white hardwood, etc. In terrariums, they can be fed many types of vegetables in their dried form. Carrots, leafy vegetables, etc., are ideally preferred for their full growth. Additionally, fish food, cuttlebone, etc., can be provided as protein supplements.
Basic Care
The following instructions must be followed to provide the best care for Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods.
As they are mainly found in moist regions, Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods would prefer moderate humidity in the new atmosphere they are brought into.
Retaining moisture is a tricky part of the development of these isopods. The right moisture levels can effectively ensure their survival.
Preferably, two-thirds of the container should have moisture to maintain the required level of environment.
These isopods are considered one of the most attractive species to have in a vivarium or enclosure.
They are relatively slow breeders when compared to other Armadillidium species of isopods.
The ventilation level for the enclosure for Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods should be medium.
In their natural environments, many objects are preferred by these species to hide in. Artificial hiding spots in the enclosures can provide a more natural feel for the enclosure.
Their diet includes- Leaf litter, white hardwood, dried vegetables, fish food, cuttlebone, etc.
Normal room temperature of 22-28˚C is enough for these species to survive and reproduce.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods: Feeding
Like many other species of isopods, Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods are also considered detritivores. Such species are graced with the luxury of being able to feed on various food items. The main food particles consumed by Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods include- leaf litter, white hardwood, dried vegetables, fish food, etc.
As they are naturally found in moist environments, decaying wood and large amounts of leaves are an easy source of food for them. Dried scraps of vegetables from a functional kitchen can provide these isopods with the necessary balance they seek within the artificial enclosures. Dry items are preferred as they have very little chance of developing mold growth within the enclosures. The collector's efforts could be in vain in the presence of molds.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods highly prefer foods having immense amounts of protein and calcium. The daily feeding practice of these isopods should include all food items rich in minerals for optimal growth. Keeping them close to the kitchen can allow the collector to utilize the options provided under dried vegetables. They can continue to grow efficiently with additional supplements like fish food, cuttlebone, etc.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods: Appearance and Behaviour
Just like any other species, Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods also have hard exoskeletons.
As a medium range species of isopods, fully grown adult tuberculatus isopods have a bluish exoskeleton, with light white patches. .
They are mostly found in blue colour alone.
They only grow up to 1.5 CM long.
Their origin is from Greece.
Like many other species of isopods, these isopods also prefer the idea of burrowing.
Tuberculatus isopods are mostly found in moist environments. They require two third of the vivarium to be moisture filled for their survival.
They are recognized as a slow breeder species.
The breeding pattern followed is relatively slow when compared to other isopods.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods: Habitat
Armadillo Tuberculatus isopods require an ideal habitat to have the best growth. It is very much fundamental for their survival as a species of isopods. They are considered as an advanced range of isopods that can be used in the vivarium only after their proper establishment. The display that they offer through their body and hard exoskeleton make them a highly preferred choice among collectors. Maintaining an optimal condition in the vivarium can be manageable for collectors.
This particular type of isopods can survive within the temperature range of 22-28⁰C. Temperature levels form an integral aspect of the maintenance of these isopods as they affect their metabolism levels to a great extent. Some experts suggest the use of thermometers to regularly check the level of humidity and maintain the ideal environment. Tuberculatus isopods are relatively easier to manage in room temperatures.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods are identified as slow breeders. Unlike other isopods, they do not breed swiftly. But they have an invasive nature once they are settled into the vivarium or enclosures.
Tuberculatus isopods are tiny within their own particular species of isopods. Their maximum growth range is identified as less than 1.5 CM. Maintaining the required moisture levels is highly advocated for this species of isopod, as they are originally found in moist regions.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods: Substrate Mix
Various types of nutrients and other materials are made use of to create an ideal substrate mixture. Providing a suitable substrate can elevate the growth of any kind of isopods. For giving the susbstrate, both natural and artificial materials can be utilized. For Armadillo Tuberculatus isopods, the ideal substrate mixture can be made relatively easily.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods mostly require a moist environment for their survival. Leaf litter and white rotten wood are considered easily collectible for this purpose. Decayed leaves and wood are good sources of protein for these isopods. Leaves should most probably be collected from regions that are pesticide-free. Any small amount of chemicals can instantly kill these isopods.
Armadillo Tuberculatus Isopods are not considered as climbers. The original environment they are found in has a lot of natural spots for them to burrow. The aim of any collector should be to recreate this environment with enough nutrient mixture to provide the right environment for their growth. The majority of the enclosure should have a moist region perfect for their survival. Even though they are slow breeders, they can reproduce in large numbers once they feel safe in their environment.
PostPods
Banana Cockroach (Panchlora Nivea)
£6.00
The original "green banana roach," Panchlora nivea stands out as one of the most successful and adaptable species in the exotic roach hobby. Their soft, pale green coloration and excellent breeding productivity have made them a staple for both display colonies and as nutritious feeders for larger reptiles and amphibians. While perhaps not as brilliantly colored as their cousin P. magnifica, these hardy roaches offer beginners an accessible entry into keeping green roaches with their forgiving care requirements and reliable reproduction.
A Glimpse
Origin: Cuba, Caribbean, and now pantropical
Scientific Name: Panchlora nivea
Difficulty Level: Low
Adult Size: 22-25mm (0.9-1 inch)
Rarity: Common in hobby
Temperature: 75°F to 85°F (24°C to 29°C)
Humidity: 65% to 75%
Favorite Foods: Fruits, vegetables, grains
Supplements: Fish flakes, bee pollen, oats
Overview
Cuban Cockroaches have a fascinating history, having spread from their Caribbean origins to tropical regions worldwide through human commerce - particularly the banana trade, hence their nickname. Adults display a pleasant lime to pale green color that's less metallic than other Panchlora species but still attractive. Nymphs start brown and gradually develop their green coloration through successive molts, with the transformation beginning around the third or fourth instar.
Despite being excellent climbers and capable fliers, they're surprisingly manageable in captivity with proper precautions. They're primarily nocturnal but less skittish than many roach species, often remaining visible during daylight hours in established colonies. Adults emit a distinctive but mild odor when disturbed - some describe it as musty or cucumber-like - but proper ventilation keeps this minimal.
Basic Care
Enclosure Setup:
Minimum 15-litre container for starter colonies (10-15 individuals)
Secure, fine-mesh ventilation essential - adults can fly
3-4 inch substrate layer for nymphs
Mix of horizontal and vertical hides
Egg cartons, cork bark, or cardboard tubes work well
Apply petroleum jelly barrier below lid as escape prevention
Substrate Mix:
40% coconut fiber
30% peat moss or compost
20% crushed dried leaves
10% sand or perlite
Environmental Conditions: Cuban Cockroaches are notably tolerant of varying conditions, part of what makes them excellent for beginners. They thrive at normal room temperatures (22-26°C) but breed faster with slight warming. Humidity should be moderate - they're more forgiving of occasional dry periods than many tropical species. Mist every 2-3 days, or provide a moisture gradient with one damp corner. Good ventilation is crucial to prevent fungal issues and minimize any odor.
Feeding: Feed 2-3 times weekly with a varied diet. They're unfussy eaters with robust appetites. Dry foods like fish flakes, dog kibble, and rolled oats should always be available. Fresh fruits and vegetables are eagerly consumed - apple, orange, carrot, and potato are favorites. They have a particular fondness for sweet foods and will swarm over banana or melon. Grains and cereals are excellent for boosting reproduction. Remove uneaten fresh foods within 48 hours.
Breeding Notes
P. nivea are prolific breeders under proper conditions. Females produce oothecae containing 20-30 eggs, which they carry briefly before depositing in substrate or hidden crevices. Incubation takes 40-50 days at optimal temperatures. Nymphs grow quickly, reaching maturity in 3-4 months with good nutrition. Adults live 12-20 months, with females capable of producing multiple oothecae throughout their lives. Colonies can grow rapidly - be prepared for population management or have a plan for excess roaches.
Special Considerations
Their climbing and flying abilities require secure enclosures - double-check all ventilation and apply barriers. While they cannot establish in UK homes due to temperature requirements, they're hardy enough to survive temporary escapes, so vigilance is important. They're excellent as feeders due to their soft bodies and high protein content, making them popular for poison dart frogs and small chameleons.
This species cohabits well with other roaches and clean-up crew invertebrates. They're particularly good in bioactive setups where their active foraging helps prevent food waste accumulation. While generally healthy, overcrowding can lead to stress and reduced breeding - maintain appropriate colony sizes or split regularly.
The mild odor they produce is completely harmless but can be minimized through good ventilation and regular cleaning. Some keepers report that adding activated carbon to the substrate helps absorb any smells. Their relatively small size and green color make them less intimidating than larger roach species, potentially helping nervous keepers overcome their hesitations about keeping roaches.
PostPods
Bat Guano 50g
£3.00
Bat guano is a natural substrate supplement that provides essential nutrients for isopod colonies. Composted over hundreds of years, this odourless powder is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium—key elements that support isopod health, growth, and reproduction. For cave-dwelling species like Cubaris, bat guano is particularly relevant as it mimics an integral part of their natural environment.
Product Details
Contents: 50g bat guano powder
Form: Fine powder, odourless
Source: 100% organic, naturally composted bat faeces
Key nutrients: Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Why Bat Guano for Isopods?
In the wild, cave-dwelling isopods—particularly Cubaris species from Thai limestone caves—naturally encounter and consume bat guano as part of their diet. Bat colonies deposit significant quantities of guano in caves, creating nutrient-rich environments where invertebrates, including isopods, thrive. Adding bat guano to captive enclosures helps replicate these natural conditions.
Nutritional benefits:
Nitrogen: Supports growth and overall colony health
Phosphorus: Essential for energy metabolism and exoskeleton development
Potassium: Supports various biological processes
Beneficial microorganisms: When isopods consume guano, they ingest microorganisms that help with digestion
Natural chelates: Provides trace minerals in forms that are readily absorbed
Keepers who add bat guano to their isopod enclosures report improvements in overall colony health and reproductive capacity. It's particularly beneficial for Cubaris species, which naturally evolved alongside bat colonies in cave ecosystems.
How to Use
Bat guano is high in nitrogen, so it should be used sparingly to prevent harmful buildup in enclosures.
Recommended application:
Substrate mixing: Add approximately 1 teaspoon per 5 litres of substrate when preparing your enclosure
Surface application: Apply a very light sprinkle over the top of existing substrate
Frequency: Reapply sparingly as needed—this is a supplement, not a primary food source
Important notes:
Less is more—guano is potent and a little goes a long way
Mix thoroughly into substrate when preparing new enclosures
The time-release action means nutrients become available gradually over weeks
Can be used alongside other calcium and protein supplements
Best Used With
Bat guano complements other isopod care products but doesn't replace them:
Calcium sources: Continue providing limestone, cuttlebone, or crusite—guano doesn't replace calcium supplementation
Protein: Still offer dried shrimp, fish flakes, or other protein sources regularly
Leaf litter: Remains the primary food source—guano is supplementary
Decaying wood: Essential for all isopod species
Suitable Species
While all isopod species can benefit from the nutrients in bat guano, it's particularly relevant for:
Cubaris species: Rubber Ducky, Panda King, Pak Chong, Cappuccino, and other Thai cave-dwelling Cubaris naturally encounter guano in their native habitat
Other cave-dwelling isopods: Any species originating from cave environments
General use: Porcellio, Armadillidium, and other genera can benefit from the nutritional boost, though it's less ecologically relevant to their natural diet
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place
Keep sealed when not in use
Shelf-stable for extended periods
At £3.00 for 50g, bat guano is an affordable supplement that lasts a long time given the small quantities needed per application. For keepers maintaining Cubaris colonies or anyone wanting to provide a more naturalistic nutritional profile for their isopods, it's a worthwhile addition to your supplies.
PostPods
Batman Isopods (Ardentiella sp.)
£80.00
Origin: Vietnam
Scientific Name: Ardentiella sp. "Batman" (formerly Merulanella sp.)
Family: Armadillidae
Difficulty Level: Hard — captive bred specimens are more forgiving, but this is still not a beginner species
Adult Size: 18–20 mm
Rarity: Very rare
Temperature: 19–26°C — they prefer the cooler end
Humidity: 60–75%
Ventilation: High — good airflow is critical
Diet: Leaf litter, white rotten wood, lichen, moss, vegetables, fruit, protein (gammarus shrimp, fish flakes)
Supplements: Cuttlebone, crushed limestone, oyster shell
Batman Isopods: Overview
Batman Isopods are one of the many striking morphs in the Ardentiella genus — a group of Vietnamese isopods formerly classified under Merulanella before being reclassified based on newer taxonomic findings. If you've kept or seen other Ardentiella morphs like Pink Lambo, Ember Bee, Volcano, or Tricolor, the care approach here is essentially the same. The genus as a whole shares the same requirements, quirks, and challenges.
Ardentiella isopods are popular in the hobby for good reason. They're larger than many isopod species, they're active during the day as well as at night, and they have genuinely vibrant colouration. They're also noticeably bolder than a lot of other genera — you'll actually see these isopods out and about rather than permanently hiding under cork bark.
That said, they're rated as hard difficulty for a reason, and we'd rather be honest about that upfront than have you lose a colony because the product page made them sound easy.
Why They're Considered Difficult
The two things that catch people out with Ardentiella are ventilation and frass buildup.
These isopods need high humidity, but they also need excellent airflow. That combination trips up a lot of keepers because the instinct is to restrict ventilation to keep humidity up — but stagnant, humid air will kill Ardentiella faster than almost anything else. You need cross-ventilation in the enclosure, ideally with mesh vents on opposite sides. The air should be moving through the enclosure, not sitting in it.
The second issue is frass. All isopods produce it, but Ardentiella are notably sensitive to it building up. Some keepers have reported colonies crashing within a matter of weeks once frass levels get too high, because it raises the acidity of the substrate. You should be replacing the substrate every 6 months at minimum, and keeping an eye on it in between. If it starts looking spent or compacted, don't wait — swap it out.
Temperature
This is another area where Ardentiella differ from a lot of tropical isopods. They prefer it cooler — 19–26°C is the target range, with the lower end generally being better. They can suffer in the heat of summer, particularly if your house gets above 26°C for prolonged periods. Some dedicated keepers use wine coolers or similar to keep their Ardentiella colonies cool during heatwaves. If your house runs warm, bear this in mind before buying.
Enclosure and Substrate
The enclosure needs to be escape-proof. This is not optional. Ardentiella — especially mancae and juveniles — can climb vertically on smooth plastic, much like cockroaches. If there's a gap, they will find it and they will get out. Use a secure, tight-fitting lid and check for any openings.
For substrate, use a quality organic topsoil or forest humus mixed with decaying leaf litter and crumbled white rotten wood. Keep it moist but not waterlogged — the soil should be damp to the touch but you shouldn't be able to squeeze water out of it. Layer the top with leaf litter, moss, and pieces of lichen-covered twigs. Add cork bark — both flat pieces and some vertical sections — to provide hides and climbing opportunities.
Ardentiella are semi-arboreal. They'll spend time under leaf litter on the substrate, but they also climb — on cork bark, on branches, on twigs. Providing some vertical elements gives them space to display natural behaviour and makes the enclosure more interesting to watch.
Diet
The foundation of their diet is leaf litter and white rotten wood, which should always be available in the enclosure. On top of that, they'll accept a range of supplementary foods: vegetables like courgette, sweet potato, and baby corn tend to go down well. Fruit can be offered occasionally. Lichen and moss are both eaten and appreciated.
Protein is important — offer gammarus shrimp, fish flakes, or similar once or twice a week. Calcium should always be available in some form: cuttlebone, crushed limestone, or oyster shell.
One thing worth noting — bee pollen, which is popular with some other isopod species, is reportedly not accepted by Ardentiella.
Remove uneaten fresh food promptly. Mould in an Ardentiella enclosure is not something you want to deal with.
Breeding
Captive bred Ardentiella are significantly easier to work with than wild caught specimens. CB colonies tend to breed at a fair to prolific rate, while WC animals can be very challenging to establish. Growth rate is on the slower side, so don't expect rapid colony expansion — patience is part of keeping this genus.
They'll breed without any special triggers as long as conditions are right: good ventilation, appropriate humidity and temperature, clean substrate, and a varied diet. A mixed group of sizes gives you the best chance of having both sexes represented.
Being Realistic
At £80 for 5, these are not a cheap impulse buy, and they shouldn't be treated as one. If you haven't kept isopods before, start with something more forgiving — Dairy Cows, Powder Blues, or even an easier Cubaris species — and learn the fundamentals of humidity, ventilation, and substrate management first. There's nothing wrong with working up to Ardentiella. Losing a colony of £80 isopods because you're still figuring out the basics is an expensive way to learn.
If you have kept other isopods successfully and you're comfortable managing humidity and airflow, Ardentiella are genuinely rewarding. They're active, they're visible, the colours are fantastic, and watching a colony establish itself is satisfying in a way that more prolific species sometimes aren't. Just respect the care requirements and don't cut corners on ventilation or substrate maintenance.
PostPods
Black Pearl Isopods (Cubaris sp.)
£80.00
Black Pearl Isopods (Cubaris sp.) are named for their deep, glossy black colouration that sets them apart from most other species in the hobby. Originating from Southeast Asia, these medium-sized isopods have become sought after by collectors looking for something visually distinctive. They are reasonably straightforward to keep once established, though like most Cubaris they require stable humidity and benefit from a calcium-rich substrate.
A Glimpse
Origin: Southeast Asia (likely Thailand/Vietnam)
Scientific Name: Cubaris sp. "Black Pearl"
Maintenance required: Medium
Average Size: 1.5 cm
Rarity: Very Rare
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Temperature: 20-26°C (68-79°F)
Ventilation: Low to Medium
Humidity: 70-80%
Favorite food: Leaf litter, decaying hardwood, vegetables
Supplements: Crushed limestone, cuttlefish bone
Black Pearl Isopods: Introduction
Black Pearl isopods have been in our collection since mid-2024. Their uniform dark colouration makes them stand out against lighter substrates and leaf litter, which is part of their appeal for display enclosures. The "pearl" name likely refers to the smooth, slightly glossy appearance of their exoskeleton rather than any iridescence—they're simply a solid, deep black.
Like other Cubaris species, Black Pearls originate from humid, limestone-rich environments in Southeast Asia. They share the typical Cubaris temperament: shy, nocturnal, and inclined to hide rather than wander about in the open. If you're after isopods that are frequently visible, this probably isn't the species for you. But if you enjoy the occasional sighting of something genuinely striking against your substrate, they deliver on that front.
They're not the most challenging Cubaris to keep, but they're not bulletproof either. Consistent conditions matter, and they do best when left largely undisturbed once established.
Black Pearl Isopods: Physical Traits and Characteristics
Adults reach approximately 1.5 cm in length, making them a small to medium-sized Cubaris.
Their colouration is a uniform dark black across the entire body, with a smooth, slightly glossy exoskeleton.
Like other Cubaris, they can conglobate (roll into a tight ball) when disturbed or threatened.
Body structure follows the typical isopod form: segmented plates, seven pairs of legs, and two antennae.
Juveniles are born dark and maintain their black colouration as they grow.
Some individuals may appear slightly lighter immediately after moulting, darkening again as the new exoskeleton hardens.
Diet
Black Pearl isopods are detritivores and will work through the usual range of organic matter. Their primary food sources should be:
Staples:
Dried leaf litter (oak, beech, hawthorn, and similar hardwood leaves work well)
Decaying hardwood—white-rotted wood is particularly good
The substrate itself, if properly prepared with organic matter
Supplementary foods:
Vegetables such as carrot, courgette, butternut squash, and sweet potato
Small amounts of protein from fish flakes, dried shrimp, or freeze-dried insects
Occasional fruit in small quantities (remove uneaten portions promptly)
Calcium: Calcium supplementation is essential for all Cubaris species. Provide a constant source such as crushed limestone, cuttlefish bone, or powdered eggshells. Their natural limestone cave habitats mean they have evolved with ready access to calcium, and deficiency will lead to moulting problems.
Feed sparingly with fresh foods. These isopods graze continuously on leaf litter and substrate, so commercial foods and vegetables are supplements rather than the bulk of their diet. Overfeeding fresh foods can encourage mould growth, which thrives in the same humid conditions your isopods need.
Black Pearl Isopods: Personality
Black Pearls are shy and reclusive, typical of Cubaris species. They spend most of their time hidden beneath bark, leaf litter, or within the substrate itself. Activity increases during darkness, so you're more likely to spot them if you check the enclosure at night with a dim red light.
They don't appreciate handling and will typically ball up if disturbed. This isn't a species you'll interact with directly—they're more suited to keepers who enjoy maintaining the habitat and observing from a distance. Once established in an enclosure, they tend to stay put and don't make escape attempts, but they do prefer to be left alone.
When kept in appropriate conditions, they will eventually become slightly bolder and you may see them out foraging more regularly. But don't expect the confident wandering behaviour of hardier species like Porcellio scaber or Armadillidium vulgare.
Black Pearl Isopods: Breeding
Black Pearl isopods breed reasonably well once a colony is established, though reproduction is slower than prolific species like dairy cows or powder blues.
Breeding basics:
Females brood eggs in a marsupium and release fully formed juveniles
Broods are typically small compared to faster-breeding genera
Stable conditions are important—temperature or humidity fluctuations can disrupt breeding
A starting group of at least 6-10 individuals gives you better odds of establishing a breeding population
Timeline: Colony growth is gradual. Don't expect rapid population explosions. With patience and consistent husbandry, numbers will build over time. Disturbance can set back breeding progress, so resist the urge to dig through the substrate checking for juveniles constantly.
Tips for success:
Maintain humidity in the 70-80% range consistently
Provide plenty of calcium for breeding females
Include varied microhabitats (bark, wood, moss, leaf litter) so individuals can find preferred conditions
Keep temperature stable within the 20-26°C range
Black Pearl Isopods: Habitat Setup
Enclosure: A plastic container with a secure lid works well. Ventilation should be limited—small holes or a small mesh section is sufficient. Cubaris species don't tolerate dry conditions, and excessive airflow will make humidity difficult to maintain. A 10-20 litre container is suitable for a starter colony.
Substrate: This is important for Cubaris. Use a mix that retains moisture and provides calcium. A good base mix includes:
Organic topsoil (pesticide-free)
Sphagnum peat moss
Crushed limestone orite calcium powder
Decomposed leaf litter worked into the mix
Pieces of white-rotted hardwood
Avoid relying on coco coir as the primary substrate component for Cubaris species. It lacks calcium, can become overly acidic, and doesn't replicate their natural limestone-rich environment. If you use any coir, mix it sparingly with limestone-heavy components.
Substrate depth should be at least 5-8 cm to allow for burrowing behaviour.
Moisture gradient: Keep one side of the enclosure more humid than the other. Add damp sphagnum moss to the humid side and mist this area regularly. The dry side should still have leaf litter coverage but won't need regular misting. This gradient lets the isopods regulate their own moisture needs.
Décor and hides:
Cork bark (flat pieces and tubes)
Hardwood pieces and branches
Generous leaf litter coverage across the surface
Lichen-covered twigs if available
Sphagnum moss clumps on the humid side
Temperature: Room temperature in most UK homes (18-24°C) is fine. Avoid placing enclosures near heat sources, windows, or anywhere with temperature fluctuations. If your home regularly drops below 18°C, a heat mat on a thermostat set to around 22°C can help, but position it on one side of the enclosure to create a gradient.
Suitability
Black Pearl isopods sit somewhere in the middle of the difficulty scale for Cubaris. They're not as demanding as some of the rarer Thai cave species, but they're not as forgiving as Porcellio or Armadillidium species either.
They're suitable for keepers who:
Have some experience maintaining humid enclosures
Are patient with slower-breeding species
Appreciate observing rather than handling their isopods
Want something visually distinctive without extreme care requirements
If you're completely new to isopods, consider starting with hardier species first to develop your husbandry skills. But if you've successfully kept other isopods and want to try something from the Cubaris genus without jumping straight to the most challenging species, Black Pearls are a reasonable choice.
They can work in bioactive setups, though their value and slower reproduction rate means most keepers maintain them in dedicated colonies rather than using them as disposable cleanup crew.
PostPods
Black Sapphire Isopods (Cubaris sp.)
£70.00
Experience the stunning elegance of our magnificent Black Sapphire Isopods! These extraordinary Cubaris specimens showcase the most dramatic and sophisticated coloration in the designer isopod world - deep, lustrous black tones that shimmer like precious gemstones. With their mesmerizing dark beauty, iconic "ducky" facial features, and captivating behavior, these Thai treasures represent the pinnacle of Cubaris collecting. Perfect for enthusiasts seeking the ultimate in rare, visually striking specimens.
Black Sapphire Isopods: A Glimpse
• Origin: Thailand (Southeast Asia cave systems)• Scientific Name: Cubaris sp. "Black Sapphire"• Difficulty Level: Easy• Size: Up to 18 millimeters• Rarity: Very Rare• Temperature: 75°F to 80°F• Humidity: 75% to 85%• Favourite Foods: Specialized Cubaris diet, rotting white wood, protein supplements
An Overview
Originating from the mysterious limestone cave systems of Thailand, Cubaris sp. "Black Sapphire" represents one of the most visually striking and sought-after varieties in the modern designer isopod world. These remarkable specimens showcase nature's artistry at its finest, displaying deep, lustrous black coloration that seems to absorb and reflect light like polished obsidian or precious black sapphires.
What makes these Thai cave dwellers so extraordinary is their absolutely mesmerizing appearance combined with the beloved Cubaris charm. They retain the iconic "ducky face" that has made Cubaris species world-famous, but wrapped in sophisticated dark elegance that commands attention from across any room. Their glossy, almost metallic-looking exoskeleton creates an almost supernatural beauty that photographs simply cannot capture.
These premium specimens represent years of careful selection and breeding work to establish the remarkable coloration that gives them their gemstone name. Like other cave-adapted Cubaris species, they've evolved in the high-humidity, stable conditions of Thai limestone caves, developing the specialized behaviors and requirements that make them both challenging and incredibly rewarding to maintain.
Habitat Requirements
Substrate Mix: • 40% premium organic potting soil or forest soil • 25% sphagnum moss for superior moisture retention • 20% composted hardwood leaf litter • 10% rotting white wood pieces (essential for Cubaris health) • 5% limestone chips or Cubaris cave stone
Create a rich, humid environment that mirrors Thai cave conditions. Avoid nutritionally empty substrates - focus on materials that will actually nourish your isopods as they decompose.
Basic Care
Enclosure Setup: • Minimum 6-quart container for small colonies (3-5 individuals) • Secure lid with appropriate ventilation for high humidity maintenance • Deep substrate layer (4-5 inches) for natural burrowing behaviors • Multiple cork bark caves and limestone hiding spots • Extensive moss coverage throughout for microclimate creation • Strategic placement of rotting wood pieces • Shallow water feature or regular misting for humidity control
Environmental Conditions: • Maintain temperature between 75°F to 80°F (Thai tropical cave conditions) • Keep humidity between 75% to 85% (essential for health and breeding) • Provide natural lighting cycle with subdued illumination • Ensure adequate ventilation while maintaining high humidity • Monitor daily as these premium specimens require consistent conditions
These advanced-care isopods demand dedicated attention to recreating Thai cave environments. Their specialized requirements and high value make them suitable only for experienced Cubaris keepers.
Feeding
Primary Diet: • High-quality specialized Cubaris foods and supplements • Rotting white hardwood pieces (absolutely critical for nutrition) • Premium organic leaf litter (oak, beech, maple) • Fresh organic vegetables (sweet potato, carrot, squash) • Overripe organic fruits (banana, apple, pear in moderation)
Essential Supplements: • High-quality protein sources 2-3 times weekly (freeze-dried shrimp, fish flakes) • Limestone or Cubaris cave stone (essential for shell development) • Specialized protein mixes designed for premium Cubaris species • Occasional treats (mushrooms, premium isopod pellets)
Feeding Schedule: Feed 2-3 times per week with premium quality offerings, ensuring rotting wood and leaf materials are always available. These valuable specimens deserve the highest quality nutrition to maintain their stunning appearance and health. Remove uneaten fresh foods after 24-48 hours in humid conditions.
Breeding Information
Cubaris sp. "Black Sapphire" are notoriously challenging breeders that require absolutely perfect conditions and considerable patience. Their rarity is partly due to their slow reproduction and specific breeding requirements.
Breeding Requirements: • Absolutely stable temperature (77-79°F ideal) • Consistent very high humidity (80-85%) • Mature, well-established colony (8+ months minimum) • Abundant limestone and calcium sources • Completely stress-free environment with minimal disturbance • Premium nutrition with regular protein supplementation • Excellent ventilation to prevent harmful gas accumulation • Patience - breeding cycles can be slow and unpredictable
Successful breeding often requires multiple attempts and advanced husbandry skills. Females produce small broods of 8-15 mancae when conditions are absolutely perfect, making each successful reproduction incredibly valuable.
Rarity & Collection Value
These Black Sapphire specimens represent the absolute pinnacle of Cubaris collecting - combining extreme rarity, stunning beauty, and significant investment value. Their dark, gem-like appearance makes them unlike anything else in the hobby.
Exceptional Considerations: • Among the rarest Cubaris varieties available • Extremely challenging breeding requirements • Each specimen represents significant collection value • Advanced husbandry skills absolutely essential • Slow reproduction increases their exclusivity • Stunning display quality that photographs cannot capture
Perfect for: • Elite collectors seeking ultimate rarity • Advanced Cubaris specialists with proven success • Display collections emphasizing visual impact • Breeding projects for the most dedicated enthusiasts • Educational displays showcasing premium genetics
Investment Consideration: These Black Sapphire specimens represent both exceptional beauty and significant financial investment. Their extreme rarity, challenging care requirements, and slow reproduction make them suitable only for the most dedicated and experienced collectors. Success with these specimens demonstrates mastery of advanced Cubaris husbandry.
Whether you're an elite collector seeking the crown jewel of your Cubaris collection or an advanced enthusiast ready to work with the ultimate challenge species, our Black Sapphire isopods offer an unparalleled opportunity. These Thai cave treasures combine otherworldly beauty, extreme rarity, and incredible prestige, representing the absolute summit of designer isopod collecting and the ultimate achievement for serious Cubaris specialists!
PostPods
Blind Saturn Isopods (Cubaris)
£50.00
Cubaris sp. "Blind Saturn" is a cave-adapted isopod from Southeast Asia, notable for its lack of functional eyes and pale, unpigmented appearance - characteristics that have evolved from generations spent in complete darkness. These are specialist animals for keepers who appreciate the unusual rather than the colourful. They won't win any beauty contests, but their adaptations to underground life make them genuinely interesting specimens.
A Glimpse
Origin: Southeast Asia (Thailand/Malaysia - cave systems)
Scientific Name: Cubaris sp. "Blind Saturn"
Maintenance required: Medium
Average Size: 10-15mm
Rarity: Rare
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Temperature: 23-26°C (73-79°F)
Ventilation: Low-Medium
Humidity: 70-90%
Favourite food: Rotting white wood, decaying leaves, protein supplements
Supplements: Cuttlefish bone, limestone, dried shrimp
Blind Saturn Isopods: Introduction
Blind Saturn isopods are true troglobites - animals that have evolved specifically for cave life. Found in deep underground cave systems in Southeast Asia, they've adapted to environments with no light, stable temperatures, and high humidity. Over time, they've lost their need for functional eyes and pigmentation, resulting in their distinctive ghostly appearance.
This isn't a species you buy for visual appeal. They're pale, eyeless, and will spend most of their time hidden in substrate or under cover. But for keepers interested in cave-adapted invertebrates, they offer something genuinely different from the brightly coloured Cubaris varieties flooding the market.
Information on this species in the hobby is limited. They're not widely kept, and much of what we know comes from general cave Cubaris care principles rather than species-specific documentation.
Blind Saturn Isopods: Physical Traits and Characteristics
Adults reach approximately 10-15mm - on the smaller side for Cubaris.
Pale, ghostly appearance due to lack of pigmentation - colours range from translucent white to cream.
Eyes are reduced or absent - a classic adaptation to perpetual darkness.
Soft, oval-shaped bodies typical of the Cubaris genus.
They retain the ability to conglobate (roll into a ball) when disturbed.
Their lack of colouration isn't a defect - it's an energy-saving adaptation. In complete darkness, pigmentation serves no purpose, so cave species have evolved without it.
Blind Saturn Isopods: Diet
Like other Cubaris, Blind Saturn isopods are detritivores that feed primarily on decaying organic matter.
Decaying wood - particularly white-rotted softwood - should be a staple. Include pieces in the enclosure at all times.
Leaf litter from hardwood trees (oak, beech, birch) provides ongoing nutrition and should always be available.
Vegetables like carrot, sweet potato, and squash can be offered occasionally.
Protein is important - offer dried shrimp, fish flakes, or gammarus shrimp once or twice weekly.
Calcium via cuttlefish bone or limestone chunks supports healthy moulting. Given their cave origins, limestone is particularly appropriate.
Blind Saturn Isopods: Behaviour
Blind Saturn isopods are secretive, even by Cubaris standards. Without functional eyes, they navigate entirely by other senses and show no response to light cycles. Expect them to spend the vast majority of their time buried in substrate or hidden under cover.
They're nocturnal by habit (though "nocturnal" becomes meaningless when you've evolved in perpetual darkness), and you're unlikely to see much surface activity. If you want isopods you can observe regularly, this isn't the species for you.
They're sensitive to environmental changes. Cave environments are remarkably stable - temperature, humidity, and conditions vary little throughout the year. Captive Blind Saturn isopods expect similar consistency. Fluctuations that other species might tolerate can stress these animals.
Blind Saturn Isopods: Breeding
Limited information is available on breeding rates for this species. Like most cave-adapted Cubaris, expect slow reproduction. Cave environments typically support lower population densities than surface habitats, and species that evolved there tend to have correspondingly slower life histories.
Patience is essential. Stable conditions - consistent temperature, humidity, and food supply - will support breeding better than any specific triggers.
Blind Saturn Isopods: Habitat
A 6-litre container works for a starter colony. These aren't particularly active isopods, so large enclosures aren't necessary.
Temperature: 23-26°C (73-79°F). Stability matters more than hitting exact numbers. Avoid temperature swings - cave environments are remarkably constant, and these isopods expect the same.
Humidity: 70-90%. These are humidity-loving animals that evolved in damp cave systems. The enclosure should be consistently moist, though not waterlogged.
Ventilation: Low to medium. They need some airflow to prevent mould, but not so much that humidity drops. Balance is key.
Light: Unnecessary. These isopods have no use for light and may actually prefer darker conditions. Keep the enclosure away from direct light.
Substrate depth: 3-4 inches minimum. They're burrowers and need sufficient depth to exhibit natural behaviour.
Hides: Cork bark, wood pieces, and moss provide essential cover. Multiple hiding spots help them feel secure.
Blind Saturn Isopods: Substrate Mix
Create a soil-based mix suitable for cave Cubaris:
Base layer (60%):
Organic topsoil (pesticide-free)
Aged leaf mould or forest humus
Organic matter (25%):
White-rotted wood pieces (essential - both nutrition and habitat)
Decomposing hardwood leaves
Sphagnum moss for moisture retention
Mineral content (15%):
Limestone pieces or powder (mimics their cave environment)
Calcium-rich additives
Do not use coco coir as the primary substrate - soil-based mixes better replicate their natural cave floor conditions.
Keep the substrate consistently moist throughout - these aren't species that benefit from dry areas. The entire enclosure should feel damp, like a wrung-out sponge.
Who Are Blind Saturn Isopods Suited For?
Blind Saturn isopods are specialist animals for a specific type of keeper:
Suited for:
Experienced Cubaris keepers who can maintain stable, high-humidity environments
Those interested in cave-adapted invertebrates and troglobitic species
Keepers who appreciate unusual biology over visual appeal
Patient hobbyists - these aren't fast breeders or active display animals
Not suited for:
Beginners to isopod keeping
Anyone wanting colourful, visible pets
Keepers who struggle to maintain consistent humidity
Those looking for bioactive clean-up crews (they won't thrive in typical vivarium conditions)
If you're drawn to the unusual and can provide stable cave-like conditions, Blind Saturn isopods offer something genuinely different. Just don't expect to see much of them.
PostPods
Bolivari Lemonade Isopods (Porcellio)
£20.00
Like most other Porcellio species, the Bolivari Lemonade Isopods prefer a less moist environment in comparison to other isopods. These fascinating isopods originate in eastern Spain. They are becoming very popular for their unique lemon and yellow hues; thus, quality Bolivari Lemonade Isopods are some of the most in-demand large species right now. These isopods make exotic pets. They breed readily in a basic isopod setup. They make a good option for beginners as well as seasoned terrarium enthusiasts. They are mostly found in caves with arid environments.
A Glimpse
Origin: Eastern Spain
Scientific Name: Porcellio bolivari "Lemonade"
Difficulty Level: Medium
Size: 3cm
Rarity: Rare
Temperature: 70°F to 80℉
Humidity: 50% to 70%
Favorite Foods: Lichens, Banana Leaf, Dead Wood, Cuttlebone
An Overview
Bolivari Lemonade Isopods are quite rare in the uK hobby still at this time. These isopods are well-known to be a great addition to terrarium setups. They are low-maintenance pets that thrive in a less moist environment.
These natives to Spain are characterized by their completely yellow color variation, flat and broad bodies. They have a lemonade-like colouration with strong yellow highlights.
The best thing about the these Isopods is that they decompose organic matter. They can be a perfect addition for maintenance of bioactive terrariums.
They cannot tolerate stale and musty air. They should only be added to terrariums with generous ventilation areas.
These isopods feed on many different types of food, such as feeding foliage, dead wood, cuttlebone, pollen, beetle jelly, etc. They can make a captivating breed for your collection.
Basic Care
You can use the following instructions and tips to provide the best care to Bolivari Lemonade Isopods.
Use forest moss and feeding foliage as a ground substrate for your Bolivari Lemonade Isopods.
You can use a terrarium for housing Bolivari Lemonade Isopods.
Keep the temperature of the container within 70°F to 80℉.
Add curved cork bark works into the terrarium to give Bolivari Lemonade Isopods something to cling to.
Humidity should be no more than 50 to 70%.
Avoid keeping the enclosure under direct sunlight.
Bolivari Lemonade Isopods: Feeding
Bolivari Lemonade Isopods are primarily detrivores. These isopods love to consume decaying wood and calcium sources such as limestone and cuttlefish bone. They are fond of forest materials such as leaf litter. They also consume cocoa leaves, Indian almond leaves, and dandelion flowers. They even feed on vegetables, salads, lichens, and banana leaves.
Appearance And Behavior
They are large and with elongated uropods.
Their unique appearance looks similar to large trilobites. They can make a unique highlight of your terrarium setup.
These isopods come in remarkable combinations of colors and even patterns.
These isopods prefer the humid mossy corner of a terrarium for recurring molting process.
They can maintain a balanced ecosystem within a terrarium by their contribution to soil health and the nutrient cycle.
Habitat
Bolivari Lemonade Isopods prefer a less moist environment, but you will have to maintain proper ventilation for them to thrive. These classic large Spanish isopods require plenty of airflow. They are extraordinary creatures that can add a touch of natural beauty to any terrarium. These skeleton-like isopods will slowly die off in a humid environment.
Substrate Mix
You can add forest hummus and flake soil to the ground substrate mix. You can use a natural substrate that includes lime granulate, dead wood, shell grit, feeding foliage, and forest moss. The ground substrate for Bolivari Lemonade Isopods can also include Sphagnum moss and natural moss.