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Many people prefer roly polies or pill bugs as pets. They believe keeping these little creatures is easier than owning a big animal, but the truth might shock you, and you find the case otherwise. Species like Bolivari yellow ghost isopods are rare and challenging to handle, particularly if you are a beginner. From basic care to maintenance, you must do everything to keep your isopods happy and healthy. Bolivari Yellow Ghost Isopods: A Glimpse Origin: Alicante (Spain) Scientific Name: Porcellio Bolivari Difficulty: Medium Rarity: High Temperature: 18–25°C Size: Up to 3 cm Humidity: Low-medium Favorable Foods: Leaf litter, vegetables, rotting wood, springtails, Antarctic krill, pure spirulina, and agate sticks. An Overview Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods are fascinating creatures. Their yellow highlights and lemonade-like coloration make them stand out from other isopod species. Because of their striking appearance, they are so popular among keepers. Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods were mainly found in Alicante, Spain. Unlike some other isopods, they cannot tolerate high humidity. To ensure their thriving and growth, maintain the moisture level between low to medium. The same temperature also boasts their reproduction.  Another important factor which can’t be missed is to manage the temperature somewhere between 18°C and 25°, playing a crucial role in their overall development and survival rate.  To keep Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods as pets, you must mimic their natural habitat in your terrarium. With a broad, flat body and a vivid yellow stripe running along their back, they look nothing less than stunning. If kept and fed well, they can also grow up to 3 cm in length. Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods thrive in arid regions. You can keep them healthy only if you replicate these conditions in captivity. Bolivari Yellow Ghost Isopods: Basic Care There are a few basic tips you should keep in mind when caring for Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods. A well-ventilated terrarium ensures the best environment for them to grow and thrive better.  These particular species of isopods cannot tolerate stale or musty air, which makes it essential to maintain proper airflow within the terrarium.  They are better maintained with a low or medium humidity level. Keep it between 18°C and 25°C when it comes to give them the ideal temperature You should also keep them under direct sunlight as it may cause overheating. Add curved cork bark in the terrarium so your isopods can cling to them. Bolivari Yellow Ghost Isopods: Feeding Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods mainly feed on decaying organic matter. Their diet includes rotting wood, leaf litter, vegetables, salads, lichens, and banana leaves. However, you can also add specialized foods like springtails, pure spirulina, Antarctic krill, and agate sticks, which are good for their health and development. For protein, gammarus shrimp is good. For calcium sources, you can use cuttlebone or limestone. Bolivari Yellow Ghost Isopods: Appearance & Behaviour Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods are bigger than other isopods. It can grow up to 3 cm in length. These isopods have a unique appearance mainly because of their striking yellow highlights. They contribute to soil health and the nutrient cycle inside the terrarium. Compared to daytime, Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods are more active at night, a common behavioral trait. They have a flat, broad body that curves into a ball when threatened. Bolivari Yellow Ghost Isopods: Habitat Bolivari Yellow Ghost isopods live in dry environments that have calcium-rich soils. So, you will need a similar setup in captivity as well. You can replicate their natural habitat by maintaining proper ventilation inside the terrarium. Also, use a well-balanced substrate mix that is essential for their growth. Bolivari Yellow Ghost Isopods: Substrate Mix Never underestimate the role of a good substrate in maintaining healthy isopods. A mix of forest humus and flake soil serves as a strong base. But you can also add granulate, dead wood, shell grit, feeding foliage, and forest moss to provide essential nutrients and support the natural behavior of your isopods. Also, maintain 2-3 inches of substrate depth so your isopods can dig and explore comfortably.

The Pink Panda King Isopods are an eye-catching species, known for their vibrant pink and white coloration. A rare and unique addition to any collection, these isopods are popular among hobbyists for their distinctive appearance and relatively easy care requirements. Ideal for bioactive enclosures, they thrive in humid environments and play an important role in maintaining the ecosystem by breaking down organic matter. Their captivating look and low maintenance make them a perfect choice for both beginners and experienced isopod enthusiasts. Insight Place of Origin: Vietnam Scientific Name: Cubaris sp. 'Panda King' Maintenance Effort: Medium Ideal Temperature Range: 70℉ - 80℉ General Size:  ~ 1 cm Rareness: Low to Medium Humidity Range: 70% - 80% Preferred Diet: Fruit, vegetables, fish food  Supplements in Addition: Cuttlebone, eggshells Panda King Isopods: Introduction These isopods are generally observed in limestone caves and belong to central and northern parts of Vietnam. These species prefer to be in an environment which is humid. Isopods of length approximately 1.5 cm are seen generally. They play a major role in the ecosystem balancing, by feeding on the decaying plants and rotting wood. They supply nutrients to the soil by consuming the decaying matter, maintaining the balance of required nutrients in soil. Characteristics of Panda King Isopods These critters have black and white colour exoskeletons. They grow up to 1.5 cm in length.  Their striking and adorable features make them one of the most sought-after isopods. They are easy to care for and require minimum maintenance. They are beginner-friendly. They are nocturnal in nature. They breed rapidly once established in their habitat. They are detritivores in nature. It has a soft exoskeleton and is used to feed poison dart frogs and other small animals. Vegetables, greens, and fish food are good for maintaining nutrition. The consumption of calcium for these isopods is a bit higher than other isopod species. Feeding These isopods feed on almost all types of food. They are essentially scavengers and feed on organic waste. However, during confinement in a cage, it is imperative to offer optimal nutrition. They can be supplemented with vegetables, greens, rotten leaves, or even wood. For calcium and protein, dried shrimp, fish food, cuttlebone, and egg shells are great for these species growth and development. Calcium powder is also good to give as a substitute.  Most isopod owners make the mistake of overfeeding the isopods. Overfeeding attracts pests into their enclosure. Therefore, it is important to feed the necessary quantity of food.  Natural Habitat Panda King isopods live in limestone caves and taverns. These species are commonly found in the central and northern parts of Thailand. In this region, caves are abundant. The caves are dark and humid; therefore, they are suitable for the isopods.  Panda King isopods are scavengers. They are also found among rotting leaves, fruits and vegetables. These species like to live in dark areas. They are shy in nature and like to burrow and hide. It is necessary to understand their natural habitat to build an artificial habitat for these isopods. Panda King Isopods: Breeding Panda King isopods are active species ready to reproduce unless acclimated to their surroundings.  Once they adapt to their surroundings, they start producing many offspring.  These isopods have a distinct mating ritual where the male isopods transfer sperm into the female's pleopods. The offspring hatch after six weeks after the eggs are attached to a firm surface. These offspring stay close to their mother, thus forming a small colony. Artificial Habitat of Panda King Isopods Panda King isopods thrive in humid environments. They are native to the tropical climates of Asia and need moisture to stay hydrated. Keep them in a small box to help them acclimate to a new environment. Once they're comfortable, transfer them to a plastic box with ventilation. Use deep bedding, including materials like old wood, dried leaves, and moss, for a cosy habitat.  It is necessary to prevent excess moisture as they may attract pests like mold and fruit flies. To combat this, adding springtails will help keep the environment clean and free of unwanted guests. It's important to keep the humidity right for the well-being of these isopods so they have a comfortable and healthy place to live. So, with proper care and attention to their habitat, you can enjoy the delightful presence of Panda King isopods in your home. Tank Mates for Pink Panda King Isopods Panda King isopods like to live in a highly humid environment. Therefore, pairing them with similar invertebrates that appreciate humidity is best.  It is necessary that tankmates for the isopods should be from the same region as the Panda King. Therefore, invertebrates like snails are the best tank mates in terrarium and vivarium settings. Another species that is suitable to be paired with is springtails. These creatures, when together, will prevent any kinds of pests and will keep the bioactive clean. Preferred Substrate Mixture for Pink Panda King Isopods A perfect substrate blend for Panda King Isopods is one that is deep, and also holds a lot of moisture. Use a small batch of coco coir, sphagnum moss, and orchid bark for the isopods, with the substrate depth reaching approximately 4 inches for burrowing.  Magnolia leaves enhance the habitat further, contributing to moisture retention and serving as excellent shelters for Panda King Isopods and their offspring. To mimic their natural surroundings, incorporate cork bark, dried oak leaves, and other elements into the enclosure. Wooden bark pieces are added to provide hiding spots, and dried leaves are added as food and for aesthetics. Sphagnum moss helps with moisture retention, which is a crucial factor for Panda King Isopods thriving in the environment. Although ventilation is necessary, it should be minimal to maintain the desired humidity gradient within the substrate. It should have both damp and dry areas. For nutrition, add earthworm castings and limestone powder to replicate their native habitat. This all-rounder substrate mix establishes a solid foundation, offering both sustenance and hydration to the isopods. Striking a balance between the various elements encourages natural behaviours and supports the physical health of Panda King Isopods in captivity. It allows them to thrive in an artificial environment that mimics the conditions of their natural habitat.

Porcellio Werneri isopod, aka Space Pods or Greek Shield isopod, is famous worldwide for its one-of-a-kind shape, colour, etc. This relatively bigger isopod is known for its mild temperaments and compatibility with many climates.  Porcellio Werneri isopods serve purposes like cleaning, aerating the soil, etc., and thus, are in high demand as terrarium pets. These egg-laying species are reasonably easy to care for. You only need a two to five-gallon big container or tank to rear a small community of Porcellio Werneri isopods effectively. A Glimpse Origin: Greece Scientific Name: Porcellio Werneri Difficulty Level: Moderate Size: Up to two centimeters Temperature: 17 to 26°C Humidity: 50 to 65% Favourite Foods: Decaying leaves, fruits, vegetables, etc. An Overview Porcellio Werneri are a relatively large, seasonally breeding isopod from Greece. These isopods are noted for their unique body shape. They are flat, round, and look very similar to a feather. This unusual-looking isopod is popularly sold worldwide as it poses only moderate difficulties to the owners. These pods feature a dark grey color that often crosses into black on significant parts of their body. The outer edge of the body features a milk-white color. These isopods are also known by names like Greek Shield, Werner's Woodlouse, Pancake isopods, etc. Porcellio Werneri requires a good amount of airflow to survive in any enclosure or habitat. Experts recommend keeping at least one-fourth of a Porcellio Werneri enclosure moist to help it stay better. They also require a heavy Calcium diet. Caregivers are expected to provide Calcium and protein supplements to these isopods regularly. Porcellio Werneri isopods exhibit seasonal breeding. So, the juveniles can only be seen during a fixed time every year. Basic Care These isopods are non-aggressive creatures that can live up to four years with proper care.   They maintain a detritivore diet. So, the caregiver should provide them with vegetables, fruits, and decaying organic matter regularly.   Caregivers can facilitate breeding among the Porcellio Werneri isopods by putting the female and male together. But as they are seasonal breeders, the possibility for breeding is limited to two times a year.   Ensure your enclosure is well sized as these isopods can be teritorial and they may fight if they are not spaced adequatley   The younger ones remain in the larvae stage for several months. They need abundant food during this phase. So, the caregiver should be prompt with the diet cycle.   Good attention should be provided to humidity-related issues that can affect the health of these isopods. Such issues are the significant reasons for fatalities among these isopods.   They need a reasonable amount of moisture content. Their natural habitats are usually by high moisture-containing river banks and stream shores. Feeding Being detritivores, these isopods have a diet that primarily consists of dead and decaying matter. They prefer dried leaf litter over fresh leaves. Some of the favorite foods of Porcellio Werneri isopods are as follows. Fruits   Vegetables   Greens   Fish foods   Decaying leaves   Rotting wood   Molting of reptiles and invertebrates It is advisable to give them protein supplements now and then to maintain their overall health. The correct frequency to provide protein supplements to greek shields is twice a week. The best protein sources for them are as follows. Fish flakes   Dried minnows   Dried shrimp Calcium is another staple element that Porcellio Werneri isopods need to have in their daily diet. There are different Calcium sources available that can provide ample amounts of Calcium. Some of them are as follows. Cuttlefish bones   Limestone   Oyster seashell   Limestone rock   Crushed eggshells Appearance and Behaviour Porcellio Werneri isopods are also known as Greek Shield isopods due to their unique appearance. They look very similar to a warrior’s armor shield. They are flat and oval-shaped.  They usually maintain a deep grey body. The grey can sometimes appear like black. At the outer edge of the body, they also have a white shade. At a single glance, the white part looks like a skirt around the Porcellio Werneri isopods’ bodies. P. Werneri isopods are relatively bigger than the other regular isopods. The adult Porcellio Werneri isopod can reach up to two centimeters. Their heads have two long antennae. The exoskeleton ofWerneri isopods is divided into seven different segments. Each segment contains a pair of small legs. The last pair of legs on the last segment of these isopods’ body is much bigger and stronger than the other legs. As far as behavior is concerned, P. Werneri isopods are barely aggressive. They are relatively mild, and the caregiver can even hand-feed them once comfortable. They usually hide from other bigger creatures. On co-existing conditions, Porcellio Werneri isopods exhibit territorial behavior. They usually do not get aggressive against other animals and show a fair amount of tolerance. Porcellio Werneri Isopods: Habitat At least 1/3rd of the enclosure should be moist for culturing Porcellio Werneri isopods.    The enclosure for P. Werneri isopods should have enough air vents, as they require high airflow to survive.    When culturing Porcellio Werneri isopods with other species, it is advisable to use enclosures with ample space. Porcellio Werneri isopod males can get very protective and territorial of their area, and having enough room inside the enclosure is thus crucial.   For starter colonies of Porcellio Werneri isopods, a 12-liter container can be enough.   For large Porcellio Werneri isopod colonies, a 25-liter container will be more than enough.   The temperature inside the enclosure should be kept between 17 and 26 degrees Celsius.    The humidity inside the enclosure should be between 50% to 65%. The enclosure should not be kept completely dry.  Substrate Mix The substrate mix for Porcellio Werneri isopods should contain an ample amount of organic matter. A combination of coconut fiber plus peat moss would suit these isopods. The substrate soil should retain moisture content for quite a while. But it should not be dripping wet, either. Along with the substrate mix, you can supplement a Porcellio Werneri isopod tank with the following elements. Cork bark   Leaf litter (pesticide-free)   Lotus seed pods   Egg crates (for hiding)

The Giant Cannonball Isopods are one of the largest and rarest species that can roll up into a ball. Due to its large appearance and characteristics, it is sought by hobbyists and exotic pet owners. This large terrestrial rolling critter is the only species that are closely related to marine isopods. A Glimpse ●      Origin: Corsica and Sardinia ●      Scientific Name: Helleria brevicornis ●      Ventilation: Medium ●      Difficulty in Breeding: High ●      Average Size: 3 cm ●      Rarity: high ●      Temperature: 64℉-79℉ ●      Humidity: Medium to high   Giant Cannonball Isopods are one of the rarest species of roly polys that bear a close kinship with marine isopods in oceans and seas. These species are endemic to the Corsica and Sardinian regions and are not found in mainland areas. These remarkable species are one of nature's wonders and are quite a captivating addition to your terrariums. Giant Cannonball Isopods: Physical Features, Characteristics and Traits ●      It is a unique isopod and one of the largest isopod species that can conglubulate. ●      These species are related to the Terranean Sea isopods and are found only in Corsica, Croatia, and Sardinia. ●      They have a mild sand color to their exoskeleton, with their rear end curled inwards. ●      These species have a bulky appearance and are shy creatures that rarely appear on the surface. They are very light-sensitive and prefer darkness over well-lit space. ●      These species are active during night time, i.e., they are nocturnal in nature. ●      These species require a specific substrate mix, which is rich in organic material and detritus. ●      They primarily feed on rotten leaves and wood, very little vegetable and fruit scraps but consume very little to no calcium supplements. ●      These species are not ideal cleanup crews as they are picky in terms of diet. ●      Some breeders also say that they're the isopod version of millipedes, which makes them different from other isopod species. ●      I prefer a humid climate and moderate temperature. They're not a huge fan of dry substrate, so humidity and moisture need to be controlled. ●      These critters like warm temperatures around 74℉ to 78℉ during the spring season. Therefore, the temperature needs to be maintained for optimal health. ●      During the fall and winter seasons, these creatures must be put in a winter diapause for three months. This aids in the overall breeding process and the overall health of the species. ●      These species are prolific in nature, but they are slow-growing species. The babies, once born, will reach sexual maturity after 8 to 12 months. Dietary Requirements They mostly prefer plants that are decayed and rotting parts of wood.  These species keep a very balanced diet and do not prefer food that is supplied from outside. They love food that is naturally decayed and present inside the substrate. When you provide a food substitute like isopod superfood, mix it with substrate and it has to be ensured that you are providing the necessary amount of protein such as fish and meat scraps. You can also provide little vegetable scraps but make sure to provide a little amount. These species don't have a very voracious appetite. Make sure to avoid any mold on the food as it may not consume it. Giant Cannonball Isopods: Reproduction and Breeding Process There is a belief that these species will reproduce only once in a lifetime. However, providing a mild winter diapause promotes the female isopods to breed every year and not once a lifetime. This is because in their natural habitat, winters are relatively cold, and they halt their breeding. So, by providing this brief winter diapause, you will be able to make them breed for multiple years and also help you achieve a sizable colony. Therefore during the spring season the temperature should be maintained between 74 - 78 degree fahrenheit for a good breeding rate and to produce healthy babies. In the winter season the temperature inside the enclosure is to decrease to at least 60 degrees fahrenheit. During the breeding months, the male isopod takes a position above the female isopods, which is also called a nuptial ride, for a period of one month. It is done to ensure that this is the only father of the brood. Post fertilization, the female counterparts burrow holes in multiple locations and ensure that food sources are available around the holes. They do this to ensure that their broods receive nutrition after birth. During birth an egg-like mancae is formed between the legs of the female isopods. The brood will come out of this only after the first successful molting in a few hours. Once they are born, then the female isopod will continue to assist their broods. After a few weeks these broods will grow enough to find their own food independently. The initial size when they are born is approximately two centimeters, and they reach sexual maturity in about eight to twelve months. Substrate Mixture ●      It is to be ensured that the enclosure is filled with high substrate filling and that the substrate has a proper composition of organic matter like decayed materials of plants or wood. ●      The mixes should consist of forest humus, leaves that are rotten, and rotten parts of white wood in an equal ratio. ●      Make sure that the substrate mix has a minimum thickness of 15 cm. ●      The top layer of the mix can be covered using leaves, and rotten tree bark can be placed for them to hide. This ensures that you are providing an ecosystem similar to their natural habitat. ●      The amount of humidity inside the substrate should be controlled. It should not happen that the mix is very moist, and it is also important to check that the temperature inside the enclosure is controlled. ●      Proper ventilation is provided by drilling holes in the enclosure. This prevents excess humidity in the terrarium. ●      You have to keep the enclosure in a dark area as they are sensitive to light, and they don't prefer areas with high intensity of light. If you can follow the above mentioned methods , you can easily keep the culture in optimal health conditions and also help them breed healthy broods.  

One of the utterly famous Thai isopods, the Pak Chong isopods, originates from the Southeast Asia region. Located in the impressive district of Pak Chong in Northeast Thailand, they make an excellent choice of isopods for beginners to start breeding with. Pak Chong Isopods: A Glimpse Origin: Thailand Scientific Name: Cubaris sp.  Difficulty Level: Easy Size: Average Size 1.5 Centimeters Rarity: Low/ Medium Temperature: 70℉ to90℉ Humidity: Moderately Humid Favourite Foods: Freeze Dry Shrimp, Dried Leaves, Vegetables, Wood, Grass, Decaying Matter Pak Chong Isopods: An Overview Pak Chong isopods are rare isopods. They are found in the caves of the Pak Chong province in Northeast Thailand. They would easily complement any vivarium or terrarium setup any day. These South Eastern natives are famous for their delightful color schemes. They will remind the onlookers of the Bernese mountain dog. They are bluish-black in color. They have white frill faces and orange butts. These isopods enjoy living in warm temperatures and damp environments.  Despite their natural habitat, PakChong isopods thrive in a range of conditions. They can tolerate a lot more humidity than the white tigers and rubber duckies. Although they do not breed as fast as the Murina, however, they are among the faster-breeding Cubaris. They possess complex social behavior. They can often be seen nudging each other, followed by intense, strong flickering of the antennae.  The main source of the diet of the these guys is decaying wood, leaf litter, and calcium supply. You can supplement their diet with protein and organic fresh vegetables to ensure they get all the important nutrients they need to foster. A semi-arid environment with proper ventilation is necessary. You can prefer a substrate depth of 2 to 3 inches and top it off with leaf litter. Basic Care Taking good care of the Pak Chong isopods is your responsibility as an owner. You can use the below-mentioned tips to take good care of these isopods. You can use a living soil terrarium or vivarium for housing the Pak Chong isopods.   You must maintain the container’s temperature within 70 degrees to 80 degrees Fahrenheit. Extreme heat or cold temperatures can be lethal.   Add some substrate to regulate the humidity level within the enclosure. The substrate should be rich in nutritional value to boost the isopod habitat.   Avoid keeping the isopod enclosure where there is direct sunlight.   Choose an arid set up to keep the Pak Chong isopods.   Keep moss on the moist side of the enclosure to maintain humidity. Don’t let the moss try out completely. In order to avoid mold growth, maintain adequate ventilation.   You can feed Pak Chong isopods forest materials like decaying matter, wood, dried leaves, and more. You can add protein-rich supplements and organic fresh vegetables to ensure good health. Feeding Pak Chong isopods are detritivores. They feed on potatoes, carrots, squash, leaf powder, cuttlebone, protein-rich foods, decaying matter, dried leaves, shrimp meal, bat guano, rotten wood, etc.  You can also feed fresh moss to Pak Chong isopods. Use supplements such as egg shells, oyster shells, limestone, cuttlebone, and moss. You can prepare a balanced recipe of plant matter, beans, mushrooms, pulverized grains, freeze-dried vegetables, complex proteins, and calcium supplements. Pak Chong isopod's main source of diet should be lots of leaf litter. However, you can always feed them with protein and organic fresh vegetables. Appearance and Behaviour Pak Chong isopods do not have any unique needs. It can grow up to 0.71 inches in length.   These isopods are easily a favorite because of their outstanding color pattern. They have white edges and a blue-to-gray tint with orange-to-red tail ends and faces.   These isopods are slow breeders. Once established, they reproduce very frequently. They would make a wonderful color addition to any isopod collection.   These isopods exhibit unique traits. They can supply moisture to one another. They often roll up into a protective stance and squeeze in tight.   These isopods slow down movement when the temperature in the enclosure rises. They do so in order to store energy that they can later use for traveling to a secure location.   In the case of colder climates, Pak Chong isopods can be seen moving around very quickly across longer distances. They are in search of food and refuge.    Pak Chong isopods are climbers. If you keep them in exposed closures, they might find a way to escape.   Habitat Pak Chong Isopods thrive in well-humid and warm environments. They can breed in many kinds of vivarium and terrarium settings.  These isopods must have adequate ventilation as they are cave species. You should keep around 2 inches of space that will allow air to circulate through the enclosure. This will help them thrive. Pak Chong isopods can be stored in vivarium and terrariums alike. They must be stored in closed enclosures to save them from escaping. Pak Chong isopods love leaf litter. They prefer ample amounts of moss to hide and explore in. Substrate Mix These isopods will need a sufficient amount of calcium supply in order to thrive. You can add limestone, cuttlebone, or eggshells in the substrate mix in order to ensure they get a good calcium supply. A great mix of natural calcium sources for isopods will make a tasty and nutritious treat for them. The substrate mix for these isopods should be at least 3 inches. You must provide a nourishing substrate mix in order to maintain their health. You can add extras like bat droppings, shrimp meal, and rotting wood. You can also add potty soil to their substrate. You can also add coconut coir, peat moss, and a slightly moist layer of leaf litter. 

Originally from Thailand, Rubber Ducky isopods have stormed the isopod petting industry. These tiny creatures with rubber duck-like facial features are now some of the bestselling isopods worldwide. Most importantly, they were found relatively recently, in 2017. These collectible isopods are rare and need relatively higher humidity than most other isopods to survive. Rubber Ducky Isopods: A Glimpse Origin:Thailand, Malaysia, and Japan Scientific Name:Cubaris sp. Difficulty Level: Medium Size: Up to 1.5 cm Rarity: Very High Temperature: 70F to 80F Humidity: 70% TO 80% Favorite Foods:Dried shrimp, leaf litter, etc. Rubber Ducky Isopods: An Overview Rubber Ducky isopods are given the name due to their resemblance to the popular rubber duck toy in color and facial features. They are originally a part of the crustacean species. They are native to Asia's highly humid limestone caves, especially in Thailand. Therefore, a highly humid environment is necessary for them to survive. Although they are the most popular isopods globally, they are rare and unique. These exotic creatures are especially attracted to vegetables like cucumbers and sweet potatoes. Despite loving vegetables, they are essentially detritivores. Their non-aggressive temperament and small size make them the perfect beginner-friendly pet isopods.  Rubber Ducky Isopods: Basic Care Rubber Ducky isopods need to have a highly humid environment to survive. So, you have to always keep the tank warm and humid. The temperature inside the tank should be between 25 and 28 degrees Celsius. You should also maintain the humidity level between 75% to 90%. The Rubber Ducky isopods usually start breeding within a few weeks. Specifically, the female isopods start breeding at three months old. Rubber Ducky Isopods: Feeding The Rubber Ducky isopods need to have a protein and calcium-richdiet. They require all the essential nutrients to survive well in a new environment. As this species is slower-growing, you must feed them occasionally to aid their growth. You can use the following food items to feed them. Calcium Rubber Ducky isopods are naturally present in limestone caves and similar calcium-rich areas.   They require a significant amount of calcium to grow and reproduce. The best calcium-rich food items you can give these isopods are the following. Cuttlebone   Powdered eggshells   Limestone   Sea corrals Protein Protein is crucial to the breeding health of the isopods. Following are the best food options for these isopods regarding protein. Shrimp shells   Insects like crickets   Shrimp meal   Shrimp pellets   Organic yeast Leaf Litter Leaf litter is unavoidable for them.   It is essential to provide them with pesticide-free leaf litter.   Leaf litter is pretty affordable and easily available.   You can give a lot of leaf litter to the isopods every time you feed them. The most suitable leaf options for them are as follows. Oak leaves   Magnolia leaves   Cannabis leaves   Seed blends Rubber Ducky isopods are detritivores. In other words, they are interested in eating decaying matter. So, keeping some decaying fruits, softwood, etc., in the enclosure is also advisable. Rubber Ducky Isopods: Appearance and Behaviour Appearance Rubber Ducky isopods are the most popular for their appearance. Their unique facial structure makes them look similar to the rubber duck toy. Their heads also have a similar yellow color, making them further identical to the real rubber ducks. They usually grow up to 1.5 cm. On the other hand, certain variants can grow up to two centimeters. They are available in shades of brown and yellow. Their body is divided into seven segments. Each segment of this isopod has a separate pair of legs. Among the multiple legs, two are for burrowing. They use these burrowing legs to dig as deep as six inches. They have two antennae on their heads. These antennas help them with navigation. On both these antennas, there are small projections called Cerci. Cerci is used as a sensory organ by these isopods. Behavior Rubber Ducky isopods are known for their calm temperament. This calm behavior is one of the primary reasons for its popularity. They don’t mind interacting with other pets and animals. But keeping the small pets separate from them is advisable to avoid conflict. They usually prefer to remain in the tanks where they get enough food. So, they typically do not try to escape from the tanks. These isopods interact with humans, too.  But the human interaction may take some time. However, they interact with the keepers and other animals once comfortable with their surroundings. These isopods gradually get comfortable with their surroundings. They develop a playful temperament once they feel comfortable.  Many of these isopods even let the keepers take them in their hands and play. They usually spend several minutes in the keeper’s hands. Rubber Ducky Isopods: Habitat The habitat you create for a Rubber Ducky isopod must have the following features. The tank should always be warm and humid.   The water should always maintain a pH level between 8.0 and 8.5.   The hardness of the water inside the tank should be between 10° and 15° DH.   The tanks need to have a good amount of light. You can use terrarium lights as light sources.   The lights should not shine directly on the isopods. Rubber Ducky Isopods: Substrate Mix These isopods need to have a rich substrate mix.   As they dig about six inches deep, you must fill the substrate mix at a good thickness in the tank.   The essential things to add to the substrate mix are limestone, decaying matter, leaf litter, etc.   The substrate mix should have peat moss and coco coir. 

Armadillidium Beieri Isopods are gaining popularity in the hobby due to their energetic nature and appearance. It doesn't take a lot of effort to have these isopods as pets. All you have to do is provide them with a safe environment and meet the care requirements. Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: A Glimpse Origin: Greece Scientific Name: Armadillidium Beieri Difficulty Level: Easy Size: 12-18 mm Rarity: Medium Temperature: 17 – 28°C Humidity: 60 – 70% Favourite Foods: Veggies, fruits, greens, decaying leaves, fish food, forest moss, rotting white wood, lichen, moulting of reptiles and invertebrates Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: An Overview Armadillidium Beieri happens to be a unique isopod species that is commonly known as "pill bugs." An interesting thing about these isopods is that they roll into a tight ball whenever threatened. This particular species belongs to the Armadillidiidae family, known for its rolling defence mechanism that sets them apart from other isopods. Many collectors and hobbyists prefer Armadillidium Beieri mainly because of its behaviour and striking appearance. This species originated in Greece, but it is also found in other regions of Europe, most commonly in mountainous areas where the weather is cool and humid. If you are considering adding Armadillidium Beieri to your collection, you must understand the requirements for taking care. Unlike other isopods, Armadillidium Beieri is not difficult to care for but needs the right humidity and temperature to thrive. Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: Basic Care Let us now talk about the basic care requirements of Armadillidium Beieri. Following the instructions is important if you want your isopods to be happy and healthy. You need a well-ventilated enclosure to keep Armadillidium Beieri isopods. In this case, you can use a plastic or glass terrarium, especially those with lids. This will help retain moisture and allow proper airflow within the enclosure. The ideal temperature for Armadillidium Beieri is between 17°C and 28°C. You can maintain the right temperature by keeping them away from extreme cold or heat. During winter, you can use heating pads or lamps to keep the enclosure warm. As far as the humidity level is concerned, make sure it is between 60-70%. You can easily achieve this by misting the enclosure regularly. Alternatively, you can use a moisture-retaining substrate. It is important to make sure that the enclosure is big enough for the isopods to roam and explore freely. It is recommended you choose 10 gallons for a small colony. Like other isopods, Armadillidium Beieri enjoys hiding places in their enclosure, providing them with a sense of security and courage. Also, they need hiding spots to rest. In this case, you can use items like cork bark, leaf litter, or rocks to create a safe environment within the enclosure. , Armadillidium Beieri needs proper ventilation, so look for one with adequate ventilation. This is crucial to preventing mould growth or excess dampness, which can hurt your isopods' health. Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: Feeding Before you include them in your collection, you must know that Armadillidium Beieri isopods are natural detritivores. This means they feed on decaying organic matter like leaf litter, decaying wood, and plant matter. The primary diet of Armadillidium Beieri isopods includes plant matter, leaf litter, and decaying wood. They prefer oak, beech, and magnolia leaves the most in leaf litter. In addition to the primary diet, you should also provide them with fresh vegetables like zucchini, carrots, and cucumbers. As for their protein source, you can give them fish flakes, dried shrimp, or cuttlebone. It is also crucial to provide them with sufficient calcium. A cuttlebone or a calcium-rich supplement would be fine for this. Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: Appearance And Behaviour Armadillidium Beieri isopods have a segmented body with a hard, greyish exoskeleton that is slightly rounded. This helps them to roll into a ball when threatened. They are usually grey or brown, but some of them may display subtle colour variations depending on their diet and environment. These isopods can grow up to 12-18 mm when fully mature. This makes them a medium-sized species. They are mainly active at night and enjoy creating burrows in the substrate. They tend to hide under objects to rest and protect themselves from enemies. Since isopods are social animals, they tend to thrive in groups. Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: Habitat Armadillidium Beieri isopods are commonly found in forest areas and mountainous regions with cool and humid climates. They are native to Greece and tend to thrive in the areas with plenty of leaf litter, decaying wood, and other organic matter. This provides a perfect environment for these small creatures to grow and multiply. Talking about their natural habitat is similar to a forest floor environment, where they can hide under rocks, logs, or leaves. To keep these isopods in a terrarium, it is important to create a similar habitat. This way, you can keep them happy and healthy in your home. Another important thing to note is the humidity level. Unless you maintain the right humidity within the enclosure, they may not survive. In the wild, they live in a habitat with plenty of moisture, so make sure you do the same when keeping them in an enclosure. Armadillidium Beieri Isopods: Substrate Mix The substrate mix you choose for Armadillidium Beieri plays a crucial role in maintaining the environment for these isopods. A well-prepared substrate helps retain moisture and provides a safe place to thrive and maintain good overall health. You can use a mix of coco fibre, organic topsoil, and sand for the base substrate. This mixture helps retain moisture and allows them to burrow in, extending their life while managing their health. You can use leaf litter and spread it over the base substrate to provide an extra layer of moisture retention and shelter. Adding crushed eggshells or cuttlebone to the substrate is also a good idea, as it offers a natural source of calcium.

Snow White isopods or Porcellio laevis are species of terrestrial crustaceans of the Isopoda order. They are known for their striking white light grey colour, which resembles the snow, hence the name 'snow-white'. Their unique and attractive aesthetics stand in contrast to their environment. Due to their striking features and aesthetics, they are more prevalent in the exotic pet and bioactive vivarium communities.  Snow White Isopods: Outline Origin: Central and South America Scientific Name: Porcellio laevis Maintenance: Low Size: 2cm to 3cm Rarity: Low Temperature:60℉ to80℉ Humidity: 55% to 75% Favourite Foods: Fruit, vegetables, fish food  Supplements: Cuttlebone (or calcium powder) Snow White Isopods: Introduction Snow White Isopods of the Crustaceans order are native to various regions, particularly Central and South America. These little creatures are diurnal. They are highly active during the daytime and are best for those studying nature and activities.  These speciesare also called clean-up crews. They keep the environment clean by feeding on decaying. Breaking down detritus and maintaining the ecosystem is one of the crucial role played by them. Like most isopod species, Snow white isopods have an insatiable appetite; thus, they consume anything. Enthusiasts appreciate this as they consume decaying plant matter, fungi, and other organic debris, thus contributing to a healthy environment. When paired with springtails, they keep the bioactive clean. Snow White Isopods: Characteristics Snow white isopod adults can be 2-3 cm long. They come in transparent white or light grey combinations resembling the colour of snow, hence the name. Their white body makes them visually appealing. Flat body with a smooth white exoskeleton. They are primarily detritivores, i.e. they get nutrition by consuming rotten plants and animals. They have a voracious appetite and eat almost everything. While consuming food, they take their food into their burrows to eat peacefully. These species are diurnal; watching them during the daytime is pretty enjoyable. They are one of the larger isopod species. Due to their large body, they try to dominate over smaller species. They must be paired with other large isopod species as they may consume tiny ones. They are easy to care for and are highly adaptable to the environment they are in. Easy to breed if kept at an optimal temperature. They can be fed anything like fruits, small fish, etc. Easy to maintain and is beginner and child-friendly. Snow White Isopods: Food and Diet Snow white isopods are detritivores in nature. People underestimate their appetite, thinking they eat little, but these creatures have a voracious appetite. Another joint mistake owners also make is overfeeding them. Overfeeding attracts fungus, gnats, mites and fruit flies. Therefore, feeding only enough food that these isopods can finish a single session is crucial. Snow White isopods are very active; therefore, they require protein and calcium at least two times a week. Cuttlebone, crushed limestone, and eggshells are fed to keep them healthy. Large-sized food like fish and pink mice is given in large colonies. Protein, calcium and vegetables- this rich diet is essential for their health. Snow White Isopods: Breeding Highly prolific in large colonies Reproduction age starts early. i.e. don't have to grow to its adult stage to reproduce Offsprings develop quickly within 7-8 months. The process involves a mechanism called 'Pouching.' Females carry their eggs in a specialised pouch until they hatch into offspring. They can produce offspring in both natural and captive environments. Snow White Isopods: Environment Care Snow white isopods share similarities with other species regarding habitat and care. They thrive in moderate to highly humid environments with proper ventilation systems. Maintaining the substrate with a humidity gradient of wet and dry areas allows them to regulate their hydration level.  Initially, for these species to get familiar with the enclosure, it is better to keep the Snow White isopods in a small container box. Once they get acquainted with the atmospheric conditions, shift them into a well-ventilated acrylic or glass container. It is essential to have cross ventilations in the enclosure to maintain the ideal temperature for the species to breed. Additionally, provide various options and substrates for them to burrow deep. Providing wide varieties of decaying organic matter like rotten whitewood, dried leaves, wood bark, sphagnum moss, etc.  High humidity inside the enclosure often invites unwanted guests like gnats, mites, fruit flies, etc. To prevent unwanted pests and fungus, pairing the species with springtails will keep the environment clean. Snow White Isopods exhibit excellent health and breeding if kept at an optimal temperature of 60° F to 80° F. Snow White Isopods: Substrate Creating an ideal substrate mix for Snow White isopods is crucial. It ensures their well-being, reproduction and overall environmental health. Their habitat has to mimic the natural environment, which includes providing a balance of moisture, organic matter and proper ventilation. The primary substrate for Snow White isopods consists of a mixture of coco peat, peat moss and organic leaf litter. The coco peat keeps the moisture in the enclosure, maintaining a humid environment, while peat moss contributes to the overall structure of the substrate. They aid in maintaining appropriate moisture levels. These two components provide a suitable habitat for the Snow White Isopods to burrow and explore.  Organic leaf litter provides food for these species and creates a natural environment. The Bark of the Oak tree and whitewood bark are commonly used as they break down slowly, providing a continuous source of nutrition. This bark also provides the isopods to hide, adding to the terrarium's aesthetics.  In addition to these primary components, adding a layer of sphagnum moss can enhance moisture retention and create a microclimate within the substrate enclosure. This is crucial for the Snow White isopods, who prefer humid environments.  Ventilation is necessary to maintain a proper balance in moisture. Regular misting helps to keep the substrate moist. Holes for ventilation are provided to prevent the enclosure from excess humidity. The substrate humidity gradient has to be in a way that it is both damp and dry.  Protein supplements are necessary for these creatures; therefore, earthworm bits are limestone mixed or calcium supplements mixed with the substrate to ensure their health. In conclusion, a well-balanced substrate mix constitutes all the above elements that support their physical health and mimic nature, thus encouraging their natural behaviour. This captive environment makes the Snow White isopods thrive in the artificial environment.